The integral presheaf Čech complex is a flat resolution of the constant presheaf of integers.
Lemma 21.9.5. Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a category. Let $\mathcal{U} = \{ f_ i : U_ i \to U\} _{i \in I}$ be a family of morphisms with fixed target such that all fibre products $U_{i_0} \times _ U \ldots \times _ U U_{i_ p}$ exist in $\mathcal{C}$. Let $\mathcal{O}$ be a presheaf of rings on $\mathcal{C}$. The chain complex
\[ \mathbf{Z}_{\mathcal{U}, \bullet } \otimes _{p, \mathbf{Z}} \mathcal{O} \]
is exact in positive degrees. Here $\mathbf{Z}_{\mathcal{U}, \bullet }$ is the chain complex of Lemma 21.9.3, and the tensor product is over the constant presheaf of rings with value $\mathbf{Z}$.
Proof.
Let $V$ be an object of $\mathcal{C}$. In the proof of Lemma 21.9.4 we saw that $\mathbf{Z}_{\mathcal{U}, \bullet }(V)$ is isomorphic as a complex to a direct sum of complexes which are homotopic to $\mathbf{Z}$ placed in degree zero. Hence also $\mathbf{Z}_{\mathcal{U}, \bullet }(V) \otimes _\mathbf {Z} \mathcal{O}(V)$ is isomorphic as a complex to a direct sum of complexes which are homotopic to $\mathcal{O}(V)$ placed in degree zero. Or you can use Modules on Sites, Lemma 18.28.11, which applies since the presheaves $\mathbf{Z}_{\mathcal{U}, i}$ are flat, and the proof of Lemma 21.9.4 shows that $H_0(\mathbf{Z}_{\mathcal{U}, \bullet })$ is a flat presheaf also.
$\square$
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