# The Stacks Project

## Tag 0307

Lemma 10.35.11. Integral closure commutes with localization: If $A \to B$ is a ring map, and $S \subset A$ is a multiplicative subset, then the integral closure of $S^{-1}A$ in $S^{-1}B$ is $S^{-1}B'$, where $B' \subset B$ is the integral closure of $A$ in $B$.

Proof. Since localization is exact we see that $S^{-1}B' \subset S^{-1}B$. Suppose $x \in B'$ and $f \in S$. Then $x^d + \sum_{i = 1, \ldots, d} a_i x^{d - i} = 0$ in $B$ for some $a_i \in A$. Hence also $$(x/f)^d + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, d} a_i/f^i (x/f)^{d - i} = 0$$ in $S^{-1}B$. In this way we see that $S^{-1}B'$ is contained in the integral closure of $S^{-1}A$ in $S^{-1}B$. Conversely, suppose that $x/f \in S^{-1}B$ is integral over $S^{-1}A$. Then we have $$(x/f)^d + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, d} (a_i/f_i) (x/f)^{d - i} = 0$$ in $S^{-1}B$ for some $a_i \in A$ and $f_i \in S$. This means that $$(f'f_1 \ldots f_d x)^d + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, d} f^i(f')^if_1^i \ldots f_i^{i - 1} \ldots f_d^i a_i (f'f_1 \ldots f_dx)^{d - i} = 0$$ for a suitable $f' \in S$. Hence $f'f_1\ldots f_dx \in B'$ and thus $x/f \in S^{-1}B'$ as desired. $\square$

The code snippet corresponding to this tag is a part of the file algebra.tex and is located in lines 7244–7250 (see updates for more information).

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-integral-closure-localize}
Integral closure commutes with localization: If $A \to B$ is a ring
map, and $S \subset A$ is a multiplicative subset, then the integral
closure of $S^{-1}A$ in $S^{-1}B$ is $S^{-1}B'$, where $B' \subset B$
is the integral closure of $A$ in $B$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Since localization is exact we see that $S^{-1}B' \subset S^{-1}B$.
Suppose $x \in B'$ and $f \in S$. Then
$x^d + \sum_{i = 1, \ldots, d} a_i x^{d - i} = 0$
in $B$ for some $a_i \in A$. Hence also
$$(x/f)^d + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, d} a_i/f^i (x/f)^{d - i} = 0$$
in $S^{-1}B$. In this way we see that $S^{-1}B'$ is contained in
the integral closure of $S^{-1}A$ in $S^{-1}B$. Conversely, suppose
that $x/f \in S^{-1}B$ is integral over $S^{-1}A$. Then we have
$$(x/f)^d + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, d} (a_i/f_i) (x/f)^{d - i} = 0$$
in $S^{-1}B$ for some $a_i \in A$ and $f_i \in S$. This means that
$$(f'f_1 \ldots f_d x)^d + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, d} f^i(f')^if_1^i \ldots f_i^{i - 1} \ldots f_d^i a_i (f'f_1 \ldots f_dx)^{d - i} = 0$$
for a suitable $f' \in S$. Hence $f'f_1\ldots f_dx \in B'$ and thus
$x/f \in S^{-1}B'$ as desired.
\end{proof}

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