Definition 10.7.1. Let $\varphi : R \to S$ be a ring map. We say $\varphi : R \to S$ is finite if $S$ is finite as an $R$-module.
10.7 Finite ring maps
Here is the definition.
Lemma 10.7.2. Let $R \to S$ be a finite ring map. Let $M$ be an $S$-module. Then $M$ is finite as an $R$-module if and only if $M$ is finite as an $S$-module.
Proof. One of the implications follows from Lemma 10.5.5. To see the other assume that $M$ is finite as an $S$-module. Pick $x_1, \ldots , x_ n \in S$ which generate $S$ as an $R$-module. Pick $y_1, \ldots , y_ m \in M$ which generate $M$ as an $S$-module. Then $x_ i y_ j$ generate $M$ as an $R$-module. $\square$
Lemma 10.7.3. Suppose that $R \to S$ and $S \to T$ are finite ring maps. Then $R \to T$ is finite.
Proof. If $t_ i$ generate $T$ as an $S$-module and $s_ j$ generate $S$ as an $R$-module, then $t_ i s_ j$ generate $T$ as an $R$-module. (Also follows from Lemma 10.7.2.) $\square$
Lemma 10.7.4. Let $\varphi : R \to S$ be a ring map.
If $\varphi $ is finite, then $\varphi $ is of finite type.
If $S$ is of finite presentation as an $R$-module, then $\varphi $ is of finite presentation.
Proof. For (1) if $x_1, \ldots , x_ n \in S$ generate $S$ as an $R$-module, then $x_1, \ldots , x_ n$ generate $S$ as an $R$-algebra. For (2), suppose that $\sum r_ j^ ix_ i = 0$, $j = 1, \ldots , m$ is a set of generators of the relations among the $x_ i$ when viewed as $R$-module generators of $S$. Furthermore, write $1 = \sum r_ ix_ i$ for some $r_ i \in R$ and $x_ ix_ j = \sum r_{ij}^ k x_ k$ for some $r_{ij}^ k \in R$. Then
\[ S = R[t_1, \ldots , t_ n]/ (\sum r_ j^ it_ i,\ 1 - \sum r_ it_ i,\ t_ it_ j - \sum r_{ij}^ k t_ k) \]
as an $R$-algebra which proves (2). $\square$
For more information on finite ring maps, please see Section 10.36.
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