# The Stacks Project

## Tag: 01T2

This tag has label morphisms-lemma-locally-finite-type-characterize and it points to

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Lemma 25.16.2. Let $f : X \to S$ be a morphism of schemes. The following are equivalent
1. The morphism $f$ is locally of finite type.
2. For every affine opens $U \subset X$, $V \subset S$ with $f(U) \subset V$ the ring map $\mathcal{O}_S(V) \to \mathcal{O}_X(U)$ is of finite type.
3. There exists an open covering $S = \bigcup_{j \in J} V_j$ and open coverings $f^{-1}(V_j) = \bigcup_{i \in I_j} U_i$ such that each of the morphisms $U_i \to V_j$, $j\in J, i\in I_j$ is locally of finite type.
4. There exists an affine open covering $S = \bigcup_{j \in J} V_j$ and affine open coverings $f^{-1}(V_j) = \bigcup_{i \in I_j} U_i$ such that the ring map $\mathcal{O}_S(V_j) \to \mathcal{O}_X(U_i)$ is of finite type, for all $j\in J, i\in I_j$.
Moreover, if $f$ is locally of finite type then for any open subschemes $U \subset X$, $V \subset S$ with $f(U) \subset V$ the restriction $f|_U : U \to V$ is locally of finite type.

Proof. This follows from Lemma 25.15.3 if we show that the property ''$R \to A$ is of finite type'' is local. We check conditions (a), (b) and (c) of Definition 25.15.1. By Algebra, Lemma 9.13.2 being of finite type is stable under base change and hence we conclude (a) holds. By the same lemma being of finite type is stable under composition and trivially for any ring $R$ the ring map $R \to R_f$ is of finite type. We conclude (b) holds. Finally, property (c) is true according to Algebra, Lemma 9.22.3. $\square$

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-locally-finite-type-characterize}
Let $f : X \to S$ be a morphism of schemes.
The following are equivalent
\begin{enumerate}
\item The morphism $f$ is locally of finite type.
\item For every affine opens $U \subset X$, $V \subset S$
with $f(U) \subset V$ the ring map
$\mathcal{O}_S(V) \to \mathcal{O}_X(U)$ is of finite type.
\item There exists an open covering $S = \bigcup_{j \in J} V_j$
and open coverings $f^{-1}(V_j) = \bigcup_{i \in I_j} U_i$ such
that each of the morphisms $U_i \to V_j$, $j\in J, i\in I_j$
is locally of finite type.
\item There exists an affine open covering $S = \bigcup_{j \in J} V_j$
and affine open coverings $f^{-1}(V_j) = \bigcup_{i \in I_j} U_i$ such
that the ring map $\mathcal{O}_S(V_j) \to \mathcal{O}_X(U_i)$ is
of finite type, for all $j\in J, i\in I_j$.
\end{enumerate}
Moreover, if $f$ is locally of finite type then for
any open subschemes $U \subset X$, $V \subset S$ with $f(U) \subset V$
the restriction $f|_U : U \to V$ is locally of finite type.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
This follows from Lemma \ref{lemma-locally-P} if we show that
the property $R \to A$ is of finite type'' is local.
We check conditions (a), (b) and (c) of Definition
\ref{definition-property-local}.
By Algebra, Lemma \ref{algebra-lemma-base-change-finiteness}
being of finite type is stable under base change and hence
we conclude (a) holds. By the same lemma being of finite type
is stable under composition and trivially for any ring
$R$ the ring map $R \to R_f$ is of finite type.
We conclude (b) holds. Finally, property (c) is true
according to Algebra, Lemma \ref{algebra-lemma-cover-upstairs}.
\end{proof}


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