Lemma 20.18.1. Let $f : (X, \mathcal{O}_ X) \to (Y, \mathcal{O}_ Y)$ be a morphism of ringed spaces. Let $y \in Y$. Assume that
$f$ is closed,
$f$ is separated, and
$f^{-1}(y)$ is quasi-compact.
Then for $E$ in $D^+(\mathcal{O}_ X)$ we have $(Rf_*E)_ y = R\Gamma (f^{-1}(y), E|_{f^{-1}(y)})$ in $D^+(\mathcal{O}_{Y, y})$.
Proof. The base change map of Lemma 20.17.1 gives a canonical map $(Rf_*E)_ y \to R\Gamma (f^{-1}(y), E|_{f^{-1}(y)})$. To prove this map is an isomorphism, we represent $E$ by a bounded below complex of injectives $\mathcal{I}^\bullet $. Set $Z = f^{-1}(\{ y\} )$. The assumptions of Lemma 20.16.3 are satisfied, see Topology, Lemma 5.4.2. Hence the restrictions $\mathcal{I}^ n|_ Z$ are acyclic for $\Gamma (Z, -)$. Thus $R\Gamma (Z, E|_ Z)$ is represented by the complex $\Gamma (Z, \mathcal{I}^\bullet |_ Z)$, see Derived Categories, Lemma 13.16.7. In other words, we have to show the map
is an isomorphism. Using Lemma 20.16.3 we see that it suffices to show that the collection of open neighbourhoods $f^{-1}(V)$ of $Z = f^{-1}(\{ y\} )$ is cofinal in the system of all open neighbourhoods. If $f^{-1}(\{ y\} ) \subset U$ is an open neighbourhood, then as $f$ is closed the set $V = Y \setminus f(X \setminus U)$ is an open neighbourhood of $y$ with $f^{-1}(V) \subset U$. This proves the lemma. $\square$
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