Item 9 (0B1F)—The Stacks project

If $x \leadsto x'$ is a nontrivial specialization of points of $X$ , then
1. $\dim _ x(X) \leq \dim _{x'}(X)$ ,
2. $\dim (\mathcal{O}_{X, x}) < \dim (\mathcal{O}_{X, x'})$ ,
3. $\text{trdeg}_ k(\kappa (x)) > \text{trdeg}_ k(\kappa (x'))$ , and
4. any maximal chain of nontrivial specializations $x = x_0 \leadsto x_1 \leadsto \ldots \leadsto x_ n = x$ has length $n = \text{trdeg}_ k(\kappa (x)) - \text{trdeg}_ k(\kappa (x'))$ .

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