The Stacks project

Exercise 111.53.1 (Definitions). Provide definitions of the following concepts.

1. a separated scheme,

2. a quasi-compact morphism of schemes,

3. an affine morphism of schemes,

4. a multiplicative subset of a ring,

5. a Noetherian scheme,

6. a variety.

Exercise 111.53.2. Prime avoidance.

1. Let $A$ be a ring. Let $I \subset A$ be an ideal and let $\mathfrak q_1$, $\mathfrak q_2$ be prime ideals such that $I \not\subset \mathfrak q_ i$. Show that $I \not\subset \mathfrak q_1 \cup \mathfrak q_2$.

2. What is a geometric interpretation of (1)?

3. Let $X = \text{Proj}(S)$ for some graded ring $S$. Let $x_1, x_2 \in X$. Show that there exists a standard open $D_{+}(F)$ which contains both $x_1$ and $x_2$.

Exercise 111.53.3. Why is a composition of affine morphisms affine?

Exercise 111.53.4 (Examples). Give examples of the following:

1. A reducible projective scheme over a field $k$.

2. A scheme with 100 points.

3. A non-affine morphism of schemes.

Exercise 111.53.5. Chevalley's theorem and the Hilbert Nullstellensatz.

1. Let $\mathfrak p \subset \mathbf{Z}[x_1, \ldots , x_ n]$ be a maximal ideal. What does Chevalley's theorem imply about $\mathfrak p \cap \mathbf{Z}$?

2. In turn, what does the Hilbert Nullstellensatz imply about $\kappa (\mathfrak p)$?

Exercise 111.53.6. Let $A$ be a ring. Let $S = A[X]$ as a graded $A$-algebra where $X$ has degree $1$. Show that $\text{Proj}(S) \cong \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A)$ as schemes over $A$.

Exercise 111.53.7. Let $A \to B$ be a finite ring map. Show that $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(B)$ is a H-projective scheme over $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A)$.

Exercise 111.53.8. Give an example of a scheme $X$ over a field $k$ such that $X$ is irreducible and such that for some finite extension $k'/k$ the base change $X_{k'} = X \times _{\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(k)} \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(k')$ is connected but reducible.