The Stacks project

Exercise 111.52.1. Let $X$ be a Noetherian scheme. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a coherent sheaf on $X$. Let $x \in X$ be a point. Assume that $\text{Supp}(\mathcal{F}) = \{ x \} $.

1. Show that $x$ is a closed point of $X$.

2. Show that $H^0(X, \mathcal{F})$ is not zero.

3. Show that $\mathcal{F}$ is generated by global sections.

4. Show that $H^ p(X, \mathcal{F}) = 0$ for $p > 0$.

Exercise 111.52.3. Let $k$ be a field. Let $\mathcal{E}$ be a vector bundle on $\mathbf{P}^2_ k$, i.e., a finite locally free $\mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k}$-module. We say $\mathcal{E}$ is split if $\mathcal{E}$ is isomorphic to a direct sum invertible $\mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k}$-modules.

1. Show that $\mathcal{E}$ is split if and only if $\mathcal{E}(n)$ is split.

2. Show that if $\mathcal{E}$ is split then $H^1({\mathbf{P}^2_ k}, \mathcal{E}(n)) = 0$ for all $n \in \mathbf{Z}$.

3. Let

   \[ \varphi : \mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k} \longrightarrow \mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k}(1) \oplus \mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k}(1) \oplus \mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k}(1) \]

   be given by linear forms $L_0, L_1, L_2 \in \Gamma (\mathbf{P}^2_ k, \mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^2_ k}(1))$. Assume $L_ i \not= 0$ for some $i$. What is the condition on $L_0, L_1, L_2$ such that the cokernel of $\varphi $ is a vector bundle? Why?

4. Given an example of such a $\varphi $.

5. Show that $\mathop{\mathrm{Coker}}(\varphi )$ is not split (if it is a vector bundle).

Exercise 111.52.5. Let $k$ be a field. Let $X$ be a projective, reduced scheme over $k$. Let $f : X \to \mathbf{P}^1_ k$ be a morphism of schemes over $k$. Assume there exists an integer $d \geq 0$ such that for every point $t \in \mathbf{P}^1_ k$ the fibre $X_ t = f^{-1}(t)$ is irreducible of dimension $d$. (Recall that an irreducible space is not empty.)

1. Show that $\dim (X) = d + 1$.

2. Let $X_0 \subset X$ be an irreducible component of $X$ of dimension $d + 1$. Prove that for every $t \in \mathbf{P}^1_ k$ the fibre $X_{0, t}$ has dimension $d$.

3. What can you conclude about $X_ t$ and $X_{0, t}$ from the above?

4. Show that $X$ is irreducible.

Exercise 111.52.7. Let $k$ be a field. Write $\mathbf{P}^3_ k = \text{Proj}(k[X_0, X_1, X_2, X_3])$. Let $C \subset \mathbf{P}^3_ k$ be a type $(5, 6)$ complete intersection curve. This means that there exist $F \in k[X_0, X_1, X_2, X_3]_5$ and $G \in k[X_0, X_1, X_2, X_3]_6$ such that

is a variety of dimension $1$. (Variety implies reduced and irreducible, but feel free to assume $C$ is nonsingular if you like.) Let $i : C \to \mathbf{P}^3_ k$ be the corresponding closed immersion. Being a complete intersection also implies that

is an exact sequence of sheaves. Please use these facts to:

1. compute $\chi (C, i^*\mathcal{O}_{\mathbf{P}^3_ k}(n))$ for any $n \in \mathbf{Z}$, and

2. compute the dimension of $H^1(C, \mathcal{O}_ C)$.

Exercise 111.52.8. Let $k$ be a field. Consider the rings

and the $k$-algebra maps

It is a true fact that these maps induce isomorphisms $A_{x + y} \to C$ and $B_{u + v} \to C$. Hence the maps $A \to C$ and $B \to C$ identify $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(C)$ with open subsets of $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A)$ and $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(B)$. Let $X$ be the scheme obtained by glueing $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A)$ and $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(B)$ along $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(C)$:

As we saw in the course such a scheme exists and there are affine opens $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A) \subset X$ and $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(B) \subset X$ whose overlap is exactly $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(C)$ identified with an open of each of these using the maps above.

1. Why is $X$ separated?

2. Why is $X$ of finite type over $k$?

3. Compute $H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_ X)$, or what is its dimension?

4. What is a more geometric way to describe $X$?