Lemma 47.11.2. Let $A$ be a Noetherian ring. Let $0 \to N' \to N \to N'' \to 0$ be a short exact sequence of finite $A$-modules. Let $I \subset A$ be an ideal.

1. $\text{depth}_ I(N) \geq \min \{ \text{depth}_ I(N'), \text{depth}_ I(N'')\}$

2. $\text{depth}_ I(N'') \geq \min \{ \text{depth}_ I(N), \text{depth}_ I(N') - 1\}$

3. $\text{depth}_ I(N') \geq \min \{ \text{depth}_ I(N), \text{depth}_ I(N'') + 1\}$

Proof. Assume $IN \not= N$, $IN' \not= N'$, and $IN'' \not= N''$. Then we can use the characterization of depth using the Ext groups $\mathop{\mathrm{Ext}}\nolimits ^ i(A/I, N)$, see Lemma 47.11.1, and use the long exact cohomology sequence

$\begin{matrix} 0 \to \mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _ A(A/I, N') \to \mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _ A(A/I, N) \to \mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _ A(A/I, N'') \\ \phantom{0\ } \to \mathop{\mathrm{Ext}}\nolimits ^1_ A(A/I, N') \to \mathop{\mathrm{Ext}}\nolimits ^1_ A(A/I, N) \to \mathop{\mathrm{Ext}}\nolimits ^1_ A(A/I, N'') \to \ldots \end{matrix}$

from Algebra, Lemma 10.71.6. This argument also works if $IN = N$ because in this case $\mathop{\mathrm{Ext}}\nolimits ^ i_ A(A/I, N) = 0$ for all $i$. Similarly in case $IN' \not= N'$ and/or $IN'' \not= N''$. $\square$

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