Lemma 96.12.6. Let $S$, $\mathcal{X}$, $U$, $x$, $u_0$ be as in Definition 96.12.2. Assume
$\Delta : \mathcal{X} \to \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}$ is representable by algebraic spaces,
$\mathcal{X}$ is limit preserving, and
$\mathcal{X}$ has (RS).
Let $V$ be a scheme locally of finite type over $S$ and let $y$ be an object of $\mathcal{X}$ over $V$. Form the $2$-fibre product
\[ \xymatrix{ \mathcal{Z} \ar[r] \ar[d] & (\mathit{Sch}/U)_{fppf} \ar[d]^ x \\ (\mathit{Sch}/V)_{fppf} \ar[r]^ y & \mathcal{X} } \]
Let $Z$ be the algebraic space representing $\mathcal{Z}$ and let $z_0 \in |Z|$ be a finite type point lying over $u_0$. If $x$ is versal at $u_0$, then the morphism $Z \to V$ is smooth at $z_0$.
Proof.
Observe that $Z$ exists by Algebraic Stacks, Lemma 92.10.11. By Lemma 96.11.4 we see that $Z \to V \times _ S U$ is locally of finite type. Choose a scheme $W$, a closed point $w_0 \in W$, and an étale morphism $W \to Z$ mapping $w_0$ to $z_0$, see Morphisms of Spaces, Definition 65.25.2. Then $W$ is locally of finite type over $S$ and $w_0$ is a finite type point of $W$. Let $l = \kappa (z_0)$. Denote $z_{l, 0}$, $v_{l, 0}$, $u_{l, 0}$, and $x_{l, 0}$ the objects of $\mathcal{Z}$, $(\mathit{Sch}/V)_{fppf}$, $(\mathit{Sch}/U)_{fppf}$, and $\mathcal{X}$ over $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(l)$ obtained by pullback to $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(l) = w_0$. Consider
\[ \xymatrix{ \mathcal{F}_{(\mathit{Sch}/W)_{fppf}, l, w_0} \ar[r] & \mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{Z}, l, z_{l, 0}} \ar[d] \ar[r] & \mathcal{F}_{(\mathit{Sch}/U)_{fppf}, l, u_{l, 0}} \ar[d] \\ & \mathcal{F}_{(\mathit{Sch}/V)_{fppf}, l, v_{l, 0}} \ar[r] & \mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{X}, l, x_{l, 0}} } \]
By Lemma 96.3.3 the square is a fibre product of predeformation categories. By Lemma 96.12.5 we see that the right vertical arrow is smooth. By Formal Deformation Theory, Lemma 88.8.7 the left vertical arrow is smooth. By Lemma 96.3.2 we see that the left horizontal arrow is smooth. We conclude that the map
\[ \mathcal{F}_{(\mathit{Sch}/W)_{fppf}, l, w_0} \to \mathcal{F}_{(\mathit{Sch}/V)_{fppf}, l, v_{l, 0}} \]
is smooth by Formal Deformation Theory, Lemma 88.8.7. Thus we conclude that $W \to V$ is smooth at $w_0$ by More on Morphisms, Lemma 37.12.1. This exactly means that $Z \to V$ is smooth at $z_0$ and the proof is complete.
$\square$
Comments (2)
Comment #2985 by Tanya Kaushal Srivastava on
Comment #3109 by Johan on