Lemma 10.52.5. Let R \to S be a ring map. Let M be an S-module. We always have \text{length}_ R(M) \geq \text{length}_ S(M). If R \to S is surjective then equality holds.
Proof. A filtration of M by S-submodules gives rise a filtration of M by R-submodules. This proves the inequality. And if R \to S is surjective, then any R-submodule of M is automatically an S-submodule. Hence equality in this case. \square
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