# The Stacks Project

## Tag 00U9

Lemma 10.141.2. Any étale ring map is standard smooth. More precisely, if $R \to S$ is étale, then there exists a presentation $S = R[x_1, \ldots, x_n]/(f_1, \ldots, f_n)$ such that the image of $\det(\partial f_j/\partial x_i)$ is invertible in $S$.

Proof. Let $R \to S$ be étale. Choose a presentation $S = R[x_1, \ldots, x_n]/I$. As $R \to S$ is étale we know that $$\text{d} : I/I^2 \longrightarrow \bigoplus\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, n} S\text{d}x_i$$ is an isomorphism, in particular $I/I^2$ is a free $S$-module. Thus by Lemma 10.134.6 we may assume (after possibly changing the presentation), that $I = (f_1, \ldots, f_c)$ such that the classes $f_i \bmod I^2$ form a basis of $I/I^2$. It follows immediately from the fact that the displayed map above is an isomorphism that $c = n$ and that $\det(\partial f_j/\partial x_i)$ is invertible in $S$. $\square$

The code snippet corresponding to this tag is a part of the file algebra.tex and is located in lines 37202–37208 (see updates for more information).

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-etale-standard-smooth}
Any \'etale ring map is standard smooth. More precisely, if
$R \to S$ is \'etale, then there exists a presentation
$S = R[x_1, \ldots, x_n]/(f_1, \ldots, f_n)$ such that
the image of $\det(\partial f_j/\partial x_i)$ is invertible in $S$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Let $R \to S$ be \'etale. Choose a presentation $S = R[x_1, \ldots, x_n]/I$.
As $R \to S$ is \'etale we know that
$$\text{d} : I/I^2 \longrightarrow \bigoplus\nolimits_{i = 1, \ldots, n} S\text{d}x_i$$
is an isomorphism, in particular $I/I^2$ is a free $S$-module.
Thus by Lemma \ref{lemma-huber} we may assume (after possibly changing
the presentation), that $I = (f_1, \ldots, f_c)$ such that the classes
$f_i \bmod I^2$ form a basis of $I/I^2$. It follows immediately from
the fact that the displayed map above is an isomorphism that $c = n$ and
that $\det(\partial f_j/\partial x_i)$ is invertible in $S$.
\end{proof}

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