# The Stacks Project

## Tag 01FG

### 20.24. The alternating Čech complex

This section compares the Čech complex with the alternating Čech complex and some related complexes.

Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering. For $p \geq 0$ set $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) = \left\{ \begin{matrix} s \in \check{\mathcal{C}}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \text{ such that } s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = 0 \text{ if } i_n = i_m \text{ for some } n \not = m\\ \text{ and } s_{i_0\ldots i_n \ldots i_m \ldots i_p} = -s_{i_0\ldots i_m \ldots i_n \ldots i_p} \text{ in any case.} \end{matrix} \right\}$$ We omit the verification that the differential $d$ of Equation (20.10.0.1) maps $\check{\mathcal{C}}^p_{alt}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ into $\check{\mathcal{C}}^{p + 1}_{alt}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$.

Definition 20.24.1. Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be an abelian presheaf on $X$. The complex $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ is the alternating Čech complex associated to $\mathcal{F}$ and the open covering $\mathcal{U}$.

Hence there is a canonical morphism of complexes $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ namely the inclusion of the alternating Čech complex into the usual Čech complex.

Suppose our covering $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ comes equipped with a total ordering $<$ on $I$. In this case, set $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) = \prod\nolimits_{(i_0, \ldots, i_p) \in I^{p + 1}, i_0 < \ldots < i_p} \mathcal{F}(U_{i_0\ldots i_p}).$$ This is an abelian group. For $s \in \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ we denote $s_{i_0\ldots i_p}$ its value in $\mathcal{F}(U_{i_0\ldots i_p})$. We define $$d : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^{p + 1}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ by the formula $$d(s)_{i_0\ldots i_{p + 1}} = \sum\nolimits_{j = 0}^{p + 1} (-1)^j s_{i_0\ldots \hat i_j \ldots i_p}|_{U_{i_0\ldots i_{p + 1}}}$$ for any $i_0 < \ldots < i_{p + 1}$. Note that this formula is identical to Equation (20.10.0.1). It is straightforward to see that $d \circ d = 0$. In other words $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ is a complex.

Definition 20.24.2. Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering. Assume given a total ordering on $I$. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be an abelian presheaf on $X$. The complex $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ is the ordered Čech complex associated to $\mathcal{F}$, the open covering $\mathcal{U}$ and the given total ordering on $I$.

This complex is sometimes called the alternating Čech complex. The reason is that there is an obvious comparison map between the ordered Čech complex and the alternating Čech complex. Namely, consider the map $$c : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ given by the rule $$c(s)_{i_0\ldots i_p} = \left\{ \begin{matrix} 0 & \text{if} & i_n = i_m \text{ for some } n \not = m\\ \text{sgn}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)}\ldots i_{\sigma(p)}} & \text{if} & i_{\sigma(0)} < i_{\sigma(1)} < \ldots < i_{\sigma(p)} \end{matrix} \right.$$ Here $\sigma$ denotes a permutation of $\{0, \ldots, p\}$ and $\text{sgn}(\sigma)$ denotes its sign. The alternating and ordered Čech complexes are often identified in the literature via the map $c$. Namely we have the following easy lemma.

Lemma 20.24.3. Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering. Assume $I$ comes equipped with a total ordering. The map $c$ is a morphism of complexes. In fact it induces an isomorphism $$c : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ of complexes.

Proof. Omitted. $\square$

There is also a map $$\pi : \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ which is described by the rule $$\pi(s)_{i_0\ldots i_p} = s_{i_0\ldots i_p}$$ whenever $i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_p$.

Lemma 20.24.4. Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering. Assume $I$ comes equipped with a total ordering. The map $\pi : \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ is a morphism of complexes. It induces an isomorphism $$\pi : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ of complexes which is a left inverse to the morphism $c$.

Proof. Omitted. $\square$

Remark 20.24.5. This means that if we have two total orderings $<_1$ and $<_2$ on the index set $I$, then we get an isomorphism of complexes $\tau = \pi_2 \circ c_1 : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord\text{-}1}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord\text{-}2}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$. It is clear that $$\tau(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$$ where $i_0 <_1 i_1 <_1 \ldots <_1 i_p$ and $i_{\sigma(0)} <_2 i_{\sigma(1)} <_2 \ldots <_2 i_{\sigma(p)}$. This is the sense in which the ordered Čech complex is independent of the chosen total ordering.

Lemma 20.24.6. Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering. Assume $I$ comes equipped with a total ordering. The map $c \circ \pi$ is homotopic to the identity on $\check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$. In particular the inclusion map $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ is a homotopy equivalence.

Proof. For any multi-index $(i_0, \ldots, i_p) \in I^{p + 1}$ there exists a unique permutation $\sigma : \{0, \ldots, p\} \to \{0, \ldots, p\}$ such that $$i_{\sigma(0)} \leq i_{\sigma(1)} \leq \ldots \leq i_{\sigma(p)} \quad \text{and} \quad \sigma(j) < \sigma(j + 1) \quad \text{if} \quad i_{\sigma(j)} = i_{\sigma(j + 1)}.$$ We denote this permutation $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$.

For any permutation $\sigma : \{0, \ldots, p\} \to \{0, \ldots, p\}$ and any $a$, $0 \leq a \leq p$ we denote $\sigma_a$ the permutation of $\{0, \ldots, p\}$ such that $$\sigma_a(j) = \left\{ \begin{matrix} \sigma(j) & \text{if} & 0 \leq j < a, \\ \min\{j' \mid j' > \sigma_a(j - 1), j' \not = \sigma(k), \forall k < a\} & \text{if} & a \leq j \end{matrix} \right.$$ So if $p = 3$ and $\sigma$, $\tau$ are given by $$\begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \sigma & 3 & 2 & 1 & 0 \end{matrix} \quad \text{and} \quad \begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \tau & 3 & 0 & 2 & 1 \end{matrix}$$ then we have $$\begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \sigma_0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \sigma_1 & 3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \sigma_2 & 3 & 2 & 0 & 1 \\ \sigma_3 & 3 & 2 & 1 & 0 \\ \end{matrix} \quad \text{and} \quad \begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \tau_0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \tau_1 & 3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \tau_2 & 3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \tau_3 & 3 & 0 & 2 & 1 \\ \end{matrix}$$ It is clear that always $\sigma_0 = \text{id}$ and $\sigma_p = \sigma$.

Having introduced this notation we define for $s \in \check{\mathcal{C}}^{p + 1}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ the element $h(s) \in \check{\mathcal{C}}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ to be the element with components $$\tag{20.24.6.1} h(s)_{i_0\ldots i_p} = \sum\nolimits_{0 \leq a \leq p} (-1)^a \text{sign}(\sigma_a) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(a)} i_{\sigma_a(a)} \ldots i_{\sigma_a(p)}}$$ where $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$. The index $i_{\sigma(a)}$ occurs twice in $i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(a)} i_{\sigma_a(a)} \ldots i_{\sigma_a(p)}$ once in the first group of $a + 1$ indices and once in the second group of $p - a + 1$ indices since $\sigma_a(j) = \sigma(a)$ for some $j \geq a$ by definition of $\sigma_a$. Hence the sum makes sense since each of the elements $s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(a)} i_{\sigma_a(a)} \ldots i_{\sigma_a(p)}}$ is defined over the open $U_{i_0 \ldots i_p}$. Note also that for $a = 0$ we get $s_{i_0 \ldots i_p}$ and for $a = p$ we get $(-1)^p \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$.

We claim that $$(dh + hd)(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} - \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$$ where $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$. We omit the verification of this claim. (There is a PARI/gp script called first-homotopy.gp in the stacks-project subdirectory scripts which can be used to check finitely many instances of this claim. We wrote this script to make sure the signs are correct.) Write $$\kappa : \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ for the operator given by the rule $$\kappa(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \text{sign}(\sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}.$$ The claim above implies that $\kappa$ is a morphism of complexes and that $\kappa$ is homotopic to the identity map of the Čech complex. This does not immediately imply the lemma since the image of the operator $\kappa$ is not the alternating subcomplex. Namely, the image of $\kappa$ is the ''semi-alternating'' complex $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}alt}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ where $s$ is a $p$-cochain of this complex if and only if $$s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$$ for any $(i_0, \ldots, i_p) \in I^{p + 1}$ with $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$. We introduce yet another variant Čech complex, namely the semi-ordered Čech complex defined by $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) = \prod\nolimits_{i_0 \leq i_1 \leq \ldots \leq i_p} \mathcal{F}(U_{i_0 \ldots i_p})$$ It is easy to see that Equation (20.10.0.1) also defines a differential and hence that we get a complex. It is also clear (analogous to Lemma 20.24.4) that the projection map $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ is an isomorphism of complexes.

Hence the Lemma follows if we can show that the obvious inclusion map $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ is a homotopy equivalence. To see this we use the homotopy $$\tag{20.24.6.2} h(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \left\{ \begin{matrix} 0 & \text{if} & i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_p \\ (-1)^a s_{i_0 \ldots i_{a - 1} i_a i_a i_{a + 1} \ldots i_p} & \text{if} & i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_{a - 1} < i_a = i_{a + 1} \end{matrix} \right.$$ We claim that $$(dh + hd)(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \left\{ \begin{matrix} 0 & \text{if} & i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_p \\ s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} & \text{else} & \end{matrix} \right.$$ We omit the verification. (There is a PARI/gp script called second-homotopy.gp in the stacks-project subdirectory scripts which can be used to check finitely many instances of this claim. We wrote this script to make sure the signs are correct.) The claim clearly shows that the composition $$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$ of the projection with the natural inclusion is homotopic to the identity map as desired. $\square$

The code snippet corresponding to this tag is a part of the file cohomology.tex and is located in lines 4033–4428 (see updates for more information).

\section{The alternating {\v C}ech complex}
\label{section-alternating-cech}

\noindent
This section compares the {\v C}ech complex with the alternating {\v C}ech
complex and some related complexes.

\medskip\noindent
Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$
be an open covering. For $p \geq 0$ set
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) = \left\{ \begin{matrix} s \in \check{\mathcal{C}}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \text{ such that } s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = 0 \text{ if } i_n = i_m \text{ for some } n \not = m\\ \text{ and } s_{i_0\ldots i_n \ldots i_m \ldots i_p} = -s_{i_0\ldots i_m \ldots i_n \ldots i_p} \text{ in any case.} \end{matrix} \right\}$$
We omit the verification that the differential $d$ of
Equation (\ref{equation-d-cech}) maps
$\check{\mathcal{C}}^p_{alt}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ into
$\check{\mathcal{C}}^{p + 1}_{alt}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$.

\begin{definition}
\label{definition-alternating-cech-complex}
Let $X$ be a topological space. Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$
be an open covering. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be an abelian presheaf on $X$.
The complex $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
is the {\it alternating {\v C}ech complex} associated to $\mathcal{F}$ and the
open covering $\mathcal{U}$.
\end{definition}

\noindent
Hence there is a canonical morphism of complexes
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
namely the inclusion of the alternating {\v C}ech complex into the
usual {\v C}ech complex.

\medskip\noindent
Suppose our covering $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ comes
equipped with a total ordering $<$ on $I$. In this case, set
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) = \prod\nolimits_{(i_0, \ldots, i_p) \in I^{p + 1}, i_0 < \ldots < i_p} \mathcal{F}(U_{i_0\ldots i_p}).$$
This is an abelian group. For
$s \in \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ we denote
$s_{i_0\ldots i_p}$ its value in $\mathcal{F}(U_{i_0\ldots i_p})$.
We define
$$d : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^{p + 1}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
by the formula
$$d(s)_{i_0\ldots i_{p + 1}} = \sum\nolimits_{j = 0}^{p + 1} (-1)^j s_{i_0\ldots \hat i_j \ldots i_p}|_{U_{i_0\ldots i_{p + 1}}}$$
for any $i_0 < \ldots < i_{p + 1}$. Note that this formula is identical
to Equation (\ref{equation-d-cech}).
It is straightforward to see that $d \circ d = 0$. In other words
$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$ is a complex.

\begin{definition}
\label{definition-ordered-cech-complex}
Let $X$ be a topological space.
Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering.
Assume given a total ordering on $I$.
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be an abelian presheaf on $X$.
The complex $\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
is the {\it ordered {\v C}ech complex} associated to $\mathcal{F}$, the
open covering $\mathcal{U}$ and the given total ordering on $I$.
\end{definition}

\noindent
This complex is sometimes called the alternating {\v C}ech complex.
The reason is that there is an obvious comparison map between
the ordered {\v C}ech complex and the alternating {\v C}ech complex.
Namely, consider the map
$$c : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
given by the rule
$$c(s)_{i_0\ldots i_p} = \left\{ \begin{matrix} 0 & \text{if} & i_n = i_m \text{ for some } n \not = m\\ \text{sgn}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)}\ldots i_{\sigma(p)}} & \text{if} & i_{\sigma(0)} < i_{\sigma(1)} < \ldots < i_{\sigma(p)} \end{matrix} \right.$$
Here $\sigma$ denotes a permutation of $\{0, \ldots, p\}$ and
$\text{sgn}(\sigma)$ denotes its sign. The alternating and ordered
{\v C}ech complexes are often identified in the literature via the map
$c$. Namely we have the following easy lemma.

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-ordered-alternating}
Let $X$ be a topological space.
Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering.
Assume $I$ comes equipped with a total ordering.
The map $c$ is a morphism of complexes. In fact it induces
an isomorphism
$$c : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
of complexes.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Omitted.
\end{proof}

\noindent
There is also a map
$$\pi : \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
which is described by the rule
$$\pi(s)_{i_0\ldots i_p} = s_{i_0\ldots i_p}$$
whenever $i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_p$.

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-project-to-ordered}
Let $X$ be a topological space.
Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering.
Assume $I$ comes equipped with a total ordering.
The map $\pi : \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
is a morphism of complexes. It induces an isomorphism
$$\pi : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
of complexes which is a left inverse to the morphism $c$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Omitted.
\end{proof}

\begin{remark}
\label{remark-compared-ordered-complexes}
This means that if we have two total orderings $<_1$ and $<_2$ on
the index set $I$, then we get an isomorphism of complexes
$\tau = \pi_2 \circ c_1 : \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord\text{-}1}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord\text{-}2}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$.
It is clear that
$$\tau(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$$
where $i_0 <_1 i_1 <_1 \ldots <_1 i_p$ and
$i_{\sigma(0)} <_2 i_{\sigma(1)} <_2 \ldots <_2 i_{\sigma(p)}$.
This is the sense in which the ordered {\v C}ech complex is independent
of the chosen total ordering.
\end{remark}

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-alternating-usual}
Let $X$ be a topological space.
Let $\mathcal{U} : U = \bigcup_{i \in I} U_i$ be an open covering.
Assume $I$ comes equipped with a total ordering.
The map $c \circ \pi$ is homotopic to the identity on
$\check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$.
In particular the inclusion map
$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \to \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
is a homotopy equivalence.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
For any multi-index $(i_0, \ldots, i_p) \in I^{p + 1}$ there exists
a unique permutation $\sigma : \{0, \ldots, p\} \to \{0, \ldots, p\}$
such that
$$i_{\sigma(0)} \leq i_{\sigma(1)} \leq \ldots \leq i_{\sigma(p)} \quad \text{and} \quad \sigma(j) < \sigma(j + 1) \quad \text{if} \quad i_{\sigma(j)} = i_{\sigma(j + 1)}.$$
We denote this permutation $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$.

\medskip\noindent
For any permutation $\sigma : \{0, \ldots, p\} \to \{0, \ldots, p\}$
and any $a$, $0 \leq a \leq p$ we denote $\sigma_a$
the permutation of $\{0, \ldots, p\}$ such that
$$\sigma_a(j) = \left\{ \begin{matrix} \sigma(j) & \text{if} & 0 \leq j < a, \\ \min\{j' \mid j' > \sigma_a(j - 1), j' \not = \sigma(k), \forall k < a\} & \text{if} & a \leq j \end{matrix} \right.$$
So if $p = 3$ and $\sigma$, $\tau$ are given by
$$\begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \sigma & 3 & 2 & 1 & 0 \end{matrix} \quad \text{and} \quad \begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \tau & 3 & 0 & 2 & 1 \end{matrix}$$
then we have
$$\begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \sigma_0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \sigma_1 & 3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \sigma_2 & 3 & 2 & 0 & 1 \\ \sigma_3 & 3 & 2 & 1 & 0 \\ \end{matrix} \quad \text{and} \quad \begin{matrix} \text{id} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \tau_0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \tau_1 & 3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \tau_2 & 3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \tau_3 & 3 & 0 & 2 & 1 \\ \end{matrix}$$
It is clear that always $\sigma_0 = \text{id}$ and $\sigma_p = \sigma$.

\medskip\noindent
Having introduced this notation we define for
$s \in \check{\mathcal{C}}^{p + 1}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
the element $h(s) \in \check{\mathcal{C}}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
to be the element with components

\label{equation-first-homotopy}
h(s)_{i_0\ldots i_p} =
\sum\nolimits_{0 \leq a \leq p}
(-1)^a \text{sign}(\sigma_a)
s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(a)} i_{\sigma_a(a)} \ldots i_{\sigma_a(p)}}

where $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$. The index
$i_{\sigma(a)}$ occurs twice in
$i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(a)} i_{\sigma_a(a)} \ldots i_{\sigma_a(p)}$
once in the first group of $a + 1$ indices and once in the second group
of $p - a + 1$ indices since $\sigma_a(j) = \sigma(a)$ for some
$j \geq a$ by definition of $\sigma_a$. Hence the sum makes sense since each
of the elements
$s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(a)} i_{\sigma_a(a)} \ldots i_{\sigma_a(p)}}$
is defined over the open $U_{i_0 \ldots i_p}$.
Note also that for $a = 0$ we get $s_{i_0 \ldots i_p}$ and
for $a = p$ we get
$(-1)^p \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$.

\medskip\noindent
We claim that
$$(dh + hd)(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} - \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$$
where $\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$. We omit the verification
of this claim. (There is a PARI/gp script called first-homotopy.gp
in the stacks-project subdirectory scripts which can be used to check
finitely many instances of this claim.
We wrote this script to make sure the signs are correct.)
Write
$$\kappa : \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
for the operator given by the rule
$$\kappa(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \text{sign}(\sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}.$$
The claim above implies that $\kappa$ is a morphism of complexes and that
$\kappa$ is homotopic to the identity map of the {\v C}ech complex.
This does not immediately imply the lemma since
the image of the operator $\kappa$ is not the alternating subcomplex.
Namely, the image of $\kappa$ is the semi-alternating'' complex
$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}alt}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$
where $s$ is a $p$-cochain of this complex if and only if
$$s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \text{sign}(\sigma) s_{i_{\sigma(0)} \ldots i_{\sigma(p)}}$$
for any $(i_0, \ldots, i_p) \in I^{p + 1}$ with
$\sigma = \sigma^{i_0 \ldots i_p}$.
We introduce yet another variant {\v C}ech complex, namely the semi-ordered
{\v C}ech complex defined by
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) = \prod\nolimits_{i_0 \leq i_1 \leq \ldots \leq i_p} \mathcal{F}(U_{i_0 \ldots i_p})$$
It is easy to see that Equation (\ref{equation-d-cech}) also defines
a differential and hence that we get a complex. It is also clear
(analogous to Lemma \ref{lemma-project-to-ordered}) that the projection map
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}alt}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
is an isomorphism of complexes.

\medskip\noindent
Hence the Lemma follows if we can show that the obvious inclusion map
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^p(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
is a homotopy equivalence. To see this we use the homotopy

\label{equation-second-homotopy}
h(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} =
\left\{
\begin{matrix}
0 & \text{if} & i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_p \\
(-1)^a s_{i_0 \ldots i_{a - 1} i_a i_a i_{a + 1} \ldots i_p}
& \text{if} & i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_{a - 1} < i_a = i_{a + 1}
\end{matrix}
\right.

We claim that
$$(dh + hd)(s)_{i_0 \ldots i_p} = \left\{ \begin{matrix} 0 & \text{if} & i_0 < i_1 < \ldots < i_p \\ s_{i_0 \ldots i_p} & \text{else} & \end{matrix} \right.$$
We omit the verification. (There is a PARI/gp script called second-homotopy.gp
in the stacks-project subdirectory scripts which can be used to check
finitely many instances of this claim.
We wrote this script to make sure the signs are correct.)
The claim clearly shows that the composition
$$\check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F}) \longrightarrow \check{\mathcal{C}}_{semi\text{-}ord}^\bullet(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{F})$$
of the projection with the natural inclusion
is homotopic to the identity map as desired.
\end{proof}

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