Lemma 15.50.7. Let $R$ be a Noetherian ring. Then $R$ is a G-ring if and only if $R_\mathfrak m$ has geometrically regular formal fibres for every maximal ideal $\mathfrak m$ of $R$.

Proof. Assume $R_\mathfrak m \to R_\mathfrak m^\wedge$ is regular for every maximal ideal $\mathfrak m$ of $R$. Let $\mathfrak p$ be a prime of $R$ and choose a maximal ideal $\mathfrak p \subset \mathfrak m$. Since $R_\mathfrak m \to R_\mathfrak m^\wedge$ is faithfully flat we can choose a prime $\mathfrak p'$ if $R_\mathfrak m^\wedge$ lying over $\mathfrak pR_\mathfrak m$. Consider the commutative diagram

$\xymatrix{ R_\mathfrak m^\wedge \ar[r] & (R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'} \ar[r] & (R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'}^\wedge \\ R_\mathfrak m \ar[u] \ar[r] & R_\mathfrak p \ar[u] \ar[r] & R_\mathfrak p^\wedge \ar[u] }$

By assumption the ring map $R_\mathfrak m \to R_\mathfrak m^\wedge$ is regular. By Proposition 15.50.6 $(R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'} \to (R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'}^\wedge$ is regular. The localization $R_\mathfrak m^\wedge \to (R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'}$ is regular. Hence $R_\mathfrak m \to (R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'}^\wedge$ is regular by Lemma 15.41.4. Since it factors through the localization $R_\mathfrak p$, also the ring map $R_\mathfrak p \to (R_\mathfrak m^\wedge )_{\mathfrak p'}^\wedge$ is regular. Thus we may apply Lemma 15.41.7 to see that $R_\mathfrak p \to R_\mathfrak p^\wedge$ is regular. $\square$

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