The Stacks project

Proof. We have to show that the diagonal $\Delta : X \to X \times _ Y X$ is a closed immersion. We already know $\Delta$ is representable, separated, a monomorphism, and locally of finite type, see Morphisms of Spaces, Lemma 67.4.1. Choose an affine scheme $U$ and an étale morphism $U \to X \times _ Y X$. Set $V = X \times _{\Delta , X \times _ Y X} U$. It suffices to show that $V \to U$ is a closed immersion (Morphisms of Spaces, Lemma 67.12.1). Since $X \times _ Y X$ is locally of finite type over $Y$ we see that $U$ is Noetherian (use Morphisms of Spaces, Lemmas 67.23.2, 67.23.3, and 67.23.5). Note that $V$ is a scheme as $\Delta$ is representable. Also, $V$ is quasi-compact because $f$ is quasi-separated. Hence $V \to U$ is of finite type. Consider a commutative diagram

of morphisms of schemes where $A$ is a discrete valuation ring with fraction field $K$. We can interpret the composition $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A) \to U \to X \times _ Y X$ as a pair of morphisms $a, b : \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(A) \to X$ agreeing as morphisms into $Y$ and equal when restricted to $\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(K)$. Hence our assumption (3) guarantees $a = b$ and we find the dotted arrow in the diagram. By Limits, Lemma 32.15.3 we conclude that $V \to U$ is proper. In other words, $\Delta$ is proper. Since $\Delta$ is a monomorphism, we find that $\Delta$ is a closed immersion (Étale Morphisms, Lemma 41.7.2) as desired. $\square$