4 Algebraic Spaces

• Chapter 65: Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 65.1: Introduction
  • Section 65.2: General remarks
  • Section 65.3: Representable morphisms of presheaves
  • Section 65.4: Lists of useful properties of morphisms of schemes
  • Section 65.5: Properties of representable morphisms of presheaves
  • Section 65.6: Algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.7: Fibre products of algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.8: Glueing algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.9: Presentations of algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.10: Algebraic spaces and equivalence relations
  • Section 65.11: Algebraic spaces, retrofitted
  • Section 65.12: Immersions and Zariski coverings of algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.13: Separation conditions on algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.14: Examples of algebraic spaces
  • Section 65.15: Change of big site
  • Section 65.16: Change of base scheme
• Chapter 66: Properties of Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 66.1: Introduction
  • Section 66.2: Conventions
  • Section 66.3: Separation axioms
  • Section 66.4: Points of algebraic spaces
  • Section 66.5: Quasi-compact spaces
  • Section 66.6: Special coverings
  • Section 66.7: Properties of Spaces defined by properties of schemes
  • Section 66.8: Constructible sets
  • Section 66.9: Dimension at a point
  • Section 66.10: Dimension of local rings
  • Section 66.11: Generic points
  • Section 66.12: Reduced spaces
  • Section 66.13: The schematic locus
  • Section 66.14: Obtaining a scheme
  • Section 66.15: Points on quasi-separated spaces
  • Section 66.16: Étale morphisms of algebraic spaces
  • Section 66.17: Spaces and fpqc coverings
  • Section 66.18: The étale site of an algebraic space
  • Section 66.19: Points of the small étale site
  • Section 66.20: Supports of abelian sheaves
  • Section 66.21: The structure sheaf of an algebraic space
  • Section 66.22: Stalks of the structure sheaf
  • Section 66.23: Local irreducibility
  • Section 66.24: Noetherian spaces
  • Section 66.25: Regular algebraic spaces
  • Section 66.26: Sheaves of modules on algebraic spaces
  • Section 66.27: Étale localization
  • Section 66.28: Recovering morphisms
  • Section 66.29: Quasi-coherent sheaves on algebraic spaces
  • Section 66.30: Properties of modules
  • Section 66.31: Locally projective modules
  • Section 66.32: Quasi-coherent sheaves and presentations
  • Section 66.33: Morphisms towards schemes
  • Section 66.34: Quotients by free actions
• Chapter 67: Morphisms of Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 67.1: Introduction
  • Section 67.2: Conventions
  • Section 67.3: Properties of representable morphisms
  • Section 67.4: Separation axioms
  • Section 67.5: Surjective morphisms
  • Section 67.6: Open morphisms
  • Section 67.7: Submersive morphisms
  • Section 67.8: Quasi-compact morphisms
  • Section 67.9: Universally closed morphisms
  • Section 67.10: Monomorphisms
  • Section 67.11: Pushforward of quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 67.12: Immersions
  • Section 67.13: Closed immersions
  • Section 67.14: Closed immersions and quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 67.15: Supports of modules
  • Section 67.16: Scheme theoretic image
  • Section 67.17: Scheme theoretic closure and density
  • Section 67.18: Dominant morphisms
  • Section 67.19: Universally injective morphisms
  • Section 67.20: Affine morphisms
  • Section 67.21: Quasi-affine morphisms
  • Section 67.22: Types of morphisms étale local on source-and-target
  • Section 67.23: Morphisms of finite type
  • Section 67.24: Points and geometric points
  • Section 67.25: Points of finite type
  • Section 67.26: Nagata spaces
  • Section 67.27: Quasi-finite morphisms
  • Section 67.28: Morphisms of finite presentation
  • Section 67.29: Constructible sets
  • Section 67.30: Flat morphisms
  • Section 67.31: Flat modules
  • Section 67.32: Generic flatness
  • Section 67.33: Relative dimension
  • Section 67.34: Morphisms and dimensions of fibres
  • Section 67.35: The dimension formula
  • Section 67.36: Syntomic morphisms
  • Section 67.37: Smooth morphisms
  • Section 67.38: Unramified morphisms
  • Section 67.39: Étale morphisms
  • Section 67.40: Proper morphisms
  • Section 67.41: Valuative criteria
  • Section 67.42: Valuative criterion for universal closedness
  • Section 67.43: Valuative criterion of separatedness
  • Section 67.44: Valuative criterion of properness
  • Section 67.45: Integral and finite morphisms
  • Section 67.46: Finite locally free morphisms
  • Section 67.47: Rational maps
  • Section 67.48: Relative normalization of algebraic spaces
  • Section 67.49: Normalization
  • Section 67.50: Separated, locally quasi-finite morphisms
  • Section 67.51: Applications
  • Section 67.52: Zariski's Main Theorem (representable case)
  • Section 67.53: Universal homeomorphisms
• Chapter 68: Decent Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 68.1: Introduction
  • Section 68.2: Conventions
  • Section 68.3: Universally bounded fibres
  • Section 68.4: Finiteness conditions and points
  • Section 68.5: Conditions on algebraic spaces
  • Section 68.6: Reasonable and decent algebraic spaces
  • Section 68.7: Points and specializations
  • Section 68.8: Stratifying algebraic spaces by schemes
  • Section 68.9: Integral cover by a scheme
  • Section 68.10: Schematic locus
  • Section 68.11: Residue fields and henselian local rings
  • Section 68.12: Points on decent spaces
  • Section 68.13: Reduced singleton spaces
  • Section 68.14: Decent spaces
  • Section 68.15: Locally separated spaces
  • Section 68.16: Valuative criterion
  • Section 68.17: Relative conditions
  • Section 68.18: Points of fibres
  • Section 68.19: Monomorphisms
  • Section 68.20: Generic points
  • Section 68.21: Generically finite morphisms
  • Section 68.22: Birational morphisms
  • Section 68.23: Jacobson spaces
  • Section 68.24: Local irreducibility
  • Section 68.25: Catenary algebraic spaces
• Chapter 69: Cohomology of Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 69.1: Introduction
  • Section 69.2: Conventions
  • Section 69.3: Higher direct images
  • Section 69.4: Finite morphisms
  • Section 69.5: Colimits and cohomology
  • Section 69.6: The alternating Čech complex
  • Section 69.7: Higher vanishing for quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 69.8: Vanishing for higher direct images
  • Section 69.9: Cohomology with support in a closed subspace
  • Section 69.10: Vanishing above the dimension
  • Section 69.11: Cohomology and base change, I
  • Section 69.12: Coherent modules on locally Noetherian algebraic spaces
  • Section 69.13: Coherent sheaves on Noetherian spaces
  • Section 69.14: Devissage of coherent sheaves
  • Section 69.15: Limits of coherent modules
  • Section 69.16: Vanishing of cohomology
  • Section 69.17: Finite morphisms and affines
  • Section 69.18: A weak version of Chow's lemma
  • Section 69.19: Noetherian valuative criterion
  • Section 69.20: Higher direct images of coherent sheaves
  • Section 69.21: Ample invertible sheaves and cohomology
  • Section 69.22: The theorem on formal functions
  • Section 69.23: Applications of the theorem on formal functions
• Chapter 70: Limits of Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 70.1: Introduction
  • Section 70.2: Conventions
  • Section 70.3: Morphisms of finite presentation
  • Section 70.4: Limits of algebraic spaces
  • Section 70.5: Descending properties
  • Section 70.6: Descending properties of morphisms
  • Section 70.7: Descending relative objects
  • Section 70.8: Absolute Noetherian approximation
  • Section 70.9: Applications
  • Section 70.10: Relative approximation
  • Section 70.11: Finite type closed in finite presentation
  • Section 70.12: Approximating proper morphisms
  • Section 70.13: Embedding into affine space
  • Section 70.14: Sections with support in a closed subset
  • Section 70.15: Characterizing affine spaces
  • Section 70.16: Finite cover by a scheme
  • Section 70.17: Obtaining schemes
  • Section 70.18: Glueing in closed fibres
  • Section 70.19: Application to modifications
  • Section 70.20: Universally closed morphisms
  • Section 70.21: Noetherian valuative criterion
  • Section 70.22: Refined Noetherian valuative criteria
  • Section 70.23: Descending finite type spaces
• Chapter 71: Divisors on Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 71.1: Introduction
  • Section 71.2: Associated and weakly associated points
  • Section 71.3: Morphisms and weakly associated points
  • Section 71.4: Relative weak assassin
  • Section 71.5: Fitting ideals
  • Section 71.6: Effective Cartier divisors
  • Section 71.7: Effective Cartier divisors and invertible sheaves
  • Section 71.8: Effective Cartier divisors on Noetherian spaces
  • Section 71.9: Relative effective Cartier divisors
  • Section 71.10: Meromorphic functions and sections
  • Section 71.11: Relative Proj
  • Section 71.12: Functoriality of relative proj
  • Section 71.13: Invertible sheaves and morphisms into relative Proj
  • Section 71.14: Relatively ample sheaves
  • Section 71.15: Relative ampleness and cohomology
  • Section 71.16: Closed subspaces of relative proj
  • Section 71.17: Blowing up
  • Section 71.18: Strict transform
  • Section 71.19: Admissible blowups
• Chapter 72: Algebraic Spaces over Fields
  • Section 72.1: Introduction
  • Section 72.2: Conventions
  • Section 72.3: Generically finite morphisms
  • Section 72.4: Integral algebraic spaces
  • Section 72.5: Morphisms between integral algebraic spaces
  • Section 72.6: Weil divisors
  • Section 72.7: The Weil divisor class associated to an invertible module
  • Section 72.8: Modifications and alterations
  • Section 72.9: Schematic locus
  • Section 72.10: Schematic locus and field extension
  • Section 72.11: Geometrically reduced algebraic spaces
  • Section 72.12: Geometrically connected algebraic spaces
  • Section 72.13: Geometrically irreducible algebraic spaces
  • Section 72.14: Geometrically integral algebraic spaces
  • Section 72.15: Dimension
  • Section 72.16: Spaces smooth over fields
  • Section 72.17: Euler characteristics
  • Section 72.18: Numerical intersections
• Chapter 73: Topologies on Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 73.1: Introduction
  • Section 73.2: The general procedure
  • Section 73.3: Zariski topology
  • Section 73.4: Étale topology
  • Section 73.5: Smooth topology
  • Section 73.6: Syntomic topology
  • Section 73.7: Fppf topology
  • Section 73.8: The ph topology
  • Section 73.9: Fpqc topology
• Chapter 74: Descent and Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 74.1: Introduction
  • Section 74.2: Conventions
  • Section 74.3: Descent data for quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 74.4: Fpqc descent of quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 74.5: Quasi-coherent modules and affines
  • Section 74.6: Descent of finiteness properties of modules
  • Section 74.7: Fpqc coverings
  • Section 74.8: Descent of finiteness and smoothness properties of morphisms
  • Section 74.9: Descending properties of spaces
  • Section 74.10: Descending properties of morphisms
  • Section 74.11: Descending properties of morphisms in the fpqc topology
  • Section 74.12: Descending properties of morphisms in the fppf topology
  • Section 74.13: Application of descent of properties of morphisms
  • Section 74.14: Properties of morphisms local on the source
  • Section 74.15: Properties of morphisms local in the fpqc topology on the source
  • Section 74.16: Properties of morphisms local in the fppf topology on the source
  • Section 74.17: Properties of morphisms local in the syntomic topology on the source
  • Section 74.18: Properties of morphisms local in the smooth topology on the source
  • Section 74.19: Properties of morphisms local in the étale topology on the source
  • Section 74.20: Properties of morphisms smooth local on source-and-target
  • Section 74.21: Properties of morphisms étale-smooth local on source-and-target
  • Section 74.22: Descent data for spaces over spaces
  • Section 74.23: Descent data in terms of sheaves
• Chapter 75: Derived Categories of Spaces
  • Section 75.1: Introduction
  • Section 75.2: Conventions
  • Section 75.3: Generalities
  • Section 75.4: Derived category of quasi-coherent modules on the small étale site
  • Section 75.5: Derived category of quasi-coherent modules
  • Section 75.6: Total direct image
  • Section 75.7: Being proper over a base
  • Section 75.8: Derived category of coherent modules
  • Section 75.9: Induction principle
  • Section 75.10: Mayer-Vietoris
  • Section 75.11: The coherator
  • Section 75.12: The coherator for Noetherian spaces
  • Section 75.13: Pseudo-coherent and perfect complexes
  • Section 75.14: Approximation by perfect complexes
  • Section 75.15: Generating derived categories
  • Section 75.16: Compact and perfect objects
  • Section 75.17: Derived categories as module categories
  • Section 75.18: Characterizing pseudo-coherent complexes, I
  • Section 75.19: The coherator revisited
  • Section 75.20: Cohomology and base change, IV
  • Section 75.21: Cohomology and base change, V
  • Section 75.22: Producing perfect complexes
  • Section 75.23: A projection formula for Ext
  • Section 75.24: Limits and derived categories
  • Section 75.25: Cohomology and base change, VI
  • Section 75.26: Perfect complexes
  • Section 75.27: Other applications
  • Section 75.28: The resolution property
  • Section 75.29: Detecting Boundedness
  • Section 75.30: Quasi-coherent objects in the derived category
• Chapter 76: More on Morphisms of Spaces
  • Section 76.1: Introduction
  • Section 76.2: Conventions
  • Section 76.3: Radicial morphisms
  • Section 76.4: Monomorphisms
  • Section 76.5: Conormal sheaf of an immersion
  • Section 76.6: The normal cone of an immersion
  • Section 76.7: Sheaf of differentials of a morphism
  • Section 76.8: Topological invariance of the étale site
  • Section 76.9: Thickenings
  • Section 76.10: Morphisms of thickenings
  • Section 76.11: Picard groups of thickenings
  • Section 76.12: First order infinitesimal neighbourhood
  • Section 76.13: Formally smooth, étale, unramified transformations
  • Section 76.14: Formally unramified morphisms
  • Section 76.15: Universal first order thickenings
  • Section 76.16: Formally étale morphisms
  • Section 76.17: Infinitesimal deformations of maps
  • Section 76.18: Infinitesimal deformations of algebraic spaces
  • Section 76.19: Formally smooth morphisms
  • Section 76.20: Smoothness over a Noetherian base
  • Section 76.21: The naive cotangent complex
  • Section 76.22: Openness of the flat locus
  • Section 76.23: Critère de platitude par fibres
  • Section 76.24: Flatness over a Noetherian base
  • Section 76.25: Normalization revisited
  • Section 76.26: Cohen-Macaulay morphisms
  • Section 76.27: Gorenstein morphisms
  • Section 76.28: Slicing Cohen-Macaulay morphisms
  • Section 76.29: Reduced fibres
  • Section 76.30: Connected components of fibres
  • Section 76.31: Dimension of fibres
  • Section 76.32: Catenary algebraic spaces
  • Section 76.33: Étale localization of morphisms
  • Section 76.34: Zariski's Main Theorem
  • Section 76.35: Applications of Zariski's Main Theorem, I
  • Section 76.36: Stein factorization
  • Section 76.37: Extending properties from an open
  • Section 76.38: Blowing up and flatness
  • Section 76.39: Applications
  • Section 76.40: Chow's lemma
  • Section 76.41: Variants of Chow's Lemma
  • Section 76.42: Grothendieck's existence theorem
  • Section 76.43: Grothendieck's algebraization theorem
  • Section 76.44: Regular immersions
  • Section 76.45: Relative pseudo-coherence
  • Section 76.46: Pseudo-coherent morphisms
  • Section 76.47: Perfect morphisms
  • Section 76.48: Local complete intersection morphisms
  • Section 76.49: When is a morphism an isomorphism?
  • Section 76.50: Exact sequences of differentials and conormal sheaves
  • Section 76.51: Characterizing pseudo-coherent complexes, II
  • Section 76.52: Relatively perfect objects
  • Section 76.53: Theorem of the cube
  • Section 76.54: Descent of finiteness properties of complexes
  • Section 76.55: Families of nodal curves
  • Section 76.56: The resolution property
  • Section 76.57: Blowing up and the resolution property
• Chapter 77: Flatness on Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 77.1: Introduction
  • Section 77.2: Impurities
  • Section 77.3: Relatively pure modules
  • Section 77.4: Flat finite type modules
  • Section 77.5: Flat finitely presented modules
  • Section 77.6: A criterion for purity
  • Section 77.7: Flattening functors
  • Section 77.8: Making a map zero
  • Section 77.9: Flattening a map
  • Section 77.10: Flattening in the local case
  • Section 77.11: Universal flattening
  • Section 77.12: Grothendieck's Existence Theorem
  • Section 77.13: Grothendieck's Existence Theorem, bis
• Chapter 78: Groupoids in Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 78.1: Introduction
  • Section 78.2: Conventions
  • Section 78.3: Notation
  • Section 78.4: Equivalence relations
  • Section 78.5: Group algebraic spaces
  • Section 78.6: Properties of group algebraic spaces
  • Section 78.7: Examples of group algebraic spaces
  • Section 78.8: Actions of group algebraic spaces
  • Section 78.9: Principal homogeneous spaces
  • Section 78.10: Equivariant quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 78.11: Groupoids in algebraic spaces
  • Section 78.12: Quasi-coherent sheaves on groupoids
  • Section 78.13: Colimits of quasi-coherent modules
  • Section 78.14: Crystals in quasi-coherent sheaves
  • Section 78.15: Groupoids and group spaces
  • Section 78.16: The stabilizer group algebraic space
  • Section 78.17: Restricting groupoids
  • Section 78.18: Invariant subspaces
  • Section 78.19: Quotient sheaves
  • Section 78.20: Quotient stacks
  • Section 78.21: Functoriality of quotient stacks
  • Section 78.22: The 2-cartesian square of a quotient stack
  • Section 78.23: The 2-coequalizer property of a quotient stack
  • Section 78.24: Explicit description of quotient stacks
  • Section 78.25: Restriction and quotient stacks
  • Section 78.26: Inertia and quotient stacks
  • Section 78.27: Gerbes and quotient stacks
  • Section 78.28: Quotient stacks and change of big site
  • Section 78.29: Separation conditions
• Chapter 79: More on Groupoids in Spaces
  • Section 79.1: Introduction
  • Section 79.2: Notation
  • Section 79.3: Useful diagrams
  • Section 79.4: Local structure
  • Section 79.5: Groupoid of sections
  • Section 79.6: Properties of groupoids
  • Section 79.7: Comparing fibres
  • Section 79.8: Restricting groupoids
  • Section 79.9: Properties of groups over fields and groupoids on fields
  • Section 79.10: Group algebraic spaces over fields
  • Section 79.11: No rational curves on groups
  • Section 79.12: The finite part of a morphism
  • Section 79.13: Finite collections of arrows
  • Section 79.14: The finite part of a groupoid
  • Section 79.15: Étale localization of groupoid schemes
• Chapter 80: Bootstrap
  • Section 80.1: Introduction
  • Section 80.2: Conventions
  • Section 80.3: Morphisms representable by algebraic spaces
  • Section 80.4: Properties of maps of presheaves representable by algebraic spaces
  • Section 80.5: Bootstrapping the diagonal
  • Section 80.6: Bootstrap
  • Section 80.7: Finding opens
  • Section 80.8: Slicing equivalence relations
  • Section 80.9: Quotient by a subgroupoid
  • Section 80.10: Final bootstrap
  • Section 80.11: Applications
  • Section 80.12: Algebraic spaces in the étale topology
• Chapter 81: Pushouts of Algebraic Spaces
  • Section 81.1: Introduction
  • Section 81.2: Conventions
  • Section 81.3: Colimits of algebraic spaces
  • Section 81.4: Descending étale sheaves
  • Section 81.5: Descending étale morphisms of algebraic spaces
  • Section 81.6: Pushouts along thickenings and affine morphisms
  • Section 81.7: Pushouts along closed immersions and integral morphisms
  • Section 81.8: Pushouts and derived categories
  • Section 81.9: Constructing elementary distinguished squares
  • Section 81.10: Formal glueing of quasi-coherent modules
  • Section 81.11: Formal glueing of algebraic spaces
  • Section 81.12: Glueing and the Beauville-Laszlo theorem
  • Section 81.13: Coequalizers and glueing
  • Section 81.14: Compactifications