66.11 Generic points
Let T be a topological space. According to the second edition of EGA I, a maximal point of T is a generic point of an irreducible component of T. If T = |X| is the topological space associated to an algebraic space X, there are at least two notions of maximal points: we can look at maximal points of T viewed as a topological space, or we can look at images of maximal points of U where U \to X is an étale morphism and U is a scheme. The second notion corresponds to the set of points of codimension 0 (Lemma 66.11.1). The codimension 0 points are easier to work with for general algebraic spaces; the two notions agree for quasi-separated and more generally decent algebraic spaces (Decent Spaces, Lemma 68.20.1).
Lemma 66.11.1. Let S be a scheme and let X be an algebraic space over S. Let x \in |X|. Consider étale morphisms a : U \to X where U is a scheme. The following are equivalent
x is a point of codimension 0 on X,
for some U \to X as above and u \in U with a(u) = x, the point u is the generic point of an irreducible component of U, and
for any U \to X as above and any u \in U mapping to x, the point u is the generic point of an irreducible component of U.
If X is representable, this is equivalent to x being a generic point of an irreducible component of |X|.
Proof.
Observe that a point u of a scheme U is a generic point of an irreducible component of U if and only if \dim (\mathcal{O}_{U, u}) = 0 (Properties, Lemma 28.10.4). Hence this follows from the definition of the codimension of a point on X (Definition 66.10.2).
\square
Lemma 66.11.2. Let S be a scheme and let X be an algebraic space over S. The set of codimension 0 points of X is dense in |X|.
Proof.
If U is a scheme, then the set of generic points of irreducible components is dense in U (holds for any quasi-sober topological space). Thus if U \to X is a surjective étale morphism, then the set of codimension 0 points of X is the image of a dense subset of |U| (Lemma 66.11.1). Since |X| has the quotient topology for |U| \to |X| we conclude.
\square
Comments (0)