Lemma 27.2.2. Let $S$ be a scheme. Let $\mathcal{B}$ be a basis for the topology of $S$. Suppose given the following data:

1. For every $U \in \mathcal{B}$ a scheme $f_ U : X_ U \to U$ over $U$.

2. For every $U \in \mathcal{B}$ a quasi-coherent sheaf $\mathcal{F}_ U$ over $X_ U$.

3. For every pair $U, V \in \mathcal{B}$ such that $V \subset U$ a morphism $\rho ^ U_ V : X_ V \to X_ U$.

4. For every pair $U, V \in \mathcal{B}$ such that $V \subset U$ a morphism $\theta ^ U_ V : (\rho ^ U_ V)^*\mathcal{F}_ U \to \mathcal{F}_ V$.

Assume that

1. each $\rho ^ U_ V$ induces an isomorphism $X_ V \to f_ U^{-1}(V)$ of schemes over $V$,

2. each $\theta ^ U_ V$ is an isomorphism,

3. whenever $W, V, U \in \mathcal{B}$, with $W \subset V \subset U$ we have $\rho ^ U_ W = \rho ^ U_ V \circ \rho ^ V_ W$,

4. whenever $W, V, U \in \mathcal{B}$, with $W \subset V \subset U$ we have $\theta ^ U_ W = \theta ^ V_ W \circ (\rho ^ V_ W)^*\theta ^ U_ V$.

Then there exists a morphism of schemes $f : X \to S$ together with a quasi-coherent sheaf $\mathcal{F}$ on $X$ and isomorphisms $i_ U : f^{-1}(U) \to X_ U$ and $\theta _ U : i_ U^*\mathcal{F}_ U \to \mathcal{F}|_{f^{-1}(U)}$ over $U \in \mathcal{B}$ such that for $V, U \in \mathcal{B}$ with $V \subset U$ the composition

$\xymatrix{ X_ V \ar[r]^{i_ V^{-1}} & f^{-1}(V) \ar[rr]^{inclusion} & & f^{-1}(U) \ar[r]^{i_ U} & X_ U }$

is the morphism $\rho ^ U_ V$, and the composition

27.2.2.1
$$\label{constructions-equation-glue} (\rho ^ U_ V)^*\mathcal{F}_ U = (i_ V^{-1})^*((i_ U^*\mathcal{F}_ U)|_{f^{-1}(V)}) \xrightarrow {\theta _ U|_{f^{-1}(V)}} (i_ V^{-1})^*(\mathcal{F}|_{f^{-1}(V)}) \xrightarrow {\theta _ V^{-1}} \mathcal{F}_ V$$

is equal to $\theta ^ U_ V$. Moreover $(X, \mathcal{F})$ is unique up to unique isomorphism over $S$.

Proof. By Lemma 27.2.1 we get the scheme $X$ over $S$ and the isomorphisms $i_ U$. Set $\mathcal{F}'_ U = i_ U^*\mathcal{F}_ U$ for $U \in \mathcal{B}$. This is a quasi-coherent $\mathcal{O}_{f^{-1}(U)}$-module. The maps

$\mathcal{F}'_ U|_{f^{-1}(V)} = i_ U^*\mathcal{F}_ U|_{f^{-1}(V)} = i_ V^*(\rho ^ U_ V)^*\mathcal{F}_ U \xrightarrow {i_ V^*\theta ^ U_ V} i_ V^*\mathcal{F}_ V = \mathcal{F}'_ V$

define isomorphisms $(\theta ')^ U_ V : \mathcal{F}'_ U|_{f^{-1}(V)} \to \mathcal{F}'_ V$ whenever $V \subset U$ are elements of $\mathcal{B}$. Condition (d) says exactly that this is compatible in case we have a triple of elements $W \subset V \subset U$ of $\mathcal{B}$. This allows us to get well defined isomorphisms

$\varphi _{12} : \mathcal{F}'_{U_1}|_{f^{-1}(U_1 \cap U_2)} \longrightarrow \mathcal{F}'_{U_2}|_{f^{-1}(U_1 \cap U_2)}$

whenever $U_1, U_2 \in \mathcal{B}$ by covering the intersection $U_1 \cap U_2 = \bigcup V_ j$ by elements $V_ j$ of $\mathcal{B}$ and taking

$\varphi _{12}|_{V_ j} = \left((\theta ')^{U_2}_{V_ j}\right)^{-1} \circ (\theta ')^{U_1}_{V_ j}.$

We omit the verification that these maps do indeed glue to a $\varphi _{12}$ and we omit the verification of the cocycle condition of a glueing datum for sheaves (as in Sheaves, Section 6.33). By Sheaves, Lemma 6.33.2 we get our $\mathcal{F}$ on $X$. We omit the verification of (27.2.2.1). $\square$

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