Lemma 37.44.2 (02UP)—The Stacks project

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Table of contents
Part 2: Schemes
Chapter 37: More on Morphisms
Section 37.44: Applications of Zariski's Main Theorem, I
Lemma 37.44.2 (cite)

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Lemma 37.44.2. Let $f : X \to S$ be a morphism of schemes. Let $s \in S$ . Assume that $f$ is proper and $f^{-1}(\{ s\} )$ is a finite set. Then there exists an open neighbourhood $V \subset S$ of $s$ such that $f|_{f^{-1}(V)} : f^{-1}(V) \to V$ is finite.

Proof. The morphism $f$ is quasi-finite at all the points of $f^{-1}(\{ s\} )$ by Morphisms, Lemma 29.20.7. By Morphisms, Lemma 29.56.2 the set of points at which $f$ is quasi-finite is an open $U \subset X$ . Let $Z = X \setminus U$ . Then $s \not\in f(Z)$ . Since $f$ is proper the set $f(Z) \subset S$ is closed. Choose any open neighbourhood $V \subset S$ of $s$ with $f(Z) \cap V = \emptyset$ . Then $f^{-1}(V) \to V$ is locally quasi-finite and proper. Hence it is quasi-finite (Morphisms, Lemma 29.20.9), hence has finite fibres (Morphisms, Lemma 29.20.10), hence is finite by Lemma 37.44.1. $\square$

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