The Stacks project

Proof. Let $x \in X$ be a point. As $X$ is locally Noetherian (see Morphisms, Lemma 29.15.6) there are finitely many irreducible components $X_1, \ldots , X_ n$ passing through $x$ (see Properties, Lemma 28.5.5 and Topology, Lemma 5.9.2). Let $\eta _ i \in X_ i$ be the generic point. As $X$ is reduced we have $\mathcal{O}_{X, \eta _ i} = \kappa (\eta _ i)$, see Algebra, Lemma 10.25.1. Moreover, $\kappa (\eta _ i)$ is a finitely generated field extension of the perfect field $k$ hence separably generated over $k$ (see Algebra, Section 10.42). It follows that $\Omega _{X/k, \eta _ i} = \Omega _{\kappa (\eta _ i)/k}$ is free of rank the transcendence degree of $\kappa (\eta _ i)$ over $k$. By Morphisms, Lemma 29.28.1 we conclude that $\dim _{\eta _ i}(X_ i) = \text{rank}_{\eta _ i}(\Omega _{X/k})$. Since $x \in X_1 \cap \ldots \cap X_ n$ we see that

Therefore $\dim _ x(X) = \text{rank}_ x(\Omega _{X/k})$, see Algebra, Lemma 10.114.5. It follows that $X \to \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(k)$ is smooth at $x$ for example by Algebra, Lemma 10.140.3. $\square$