Lemma 64.3.6. Let $S$ be a scheme contained in $\mathit{Sch}_{fppf}$. Let $F, G : (\mathit{Sch}/S)_{fppf}^{opp} \to \textit{Sets}$. Let $a : F \to G$ be a representable transformation of functors. Then $\Delta _{F/G} : F \to F \times _ G F$ is representable.

Proof. Let $U \in \mathop{\mathrm{Ob}}\nolimits ((\mathit{Sch}/S)_{fppf})$. Let $\xi = (\xi _1, \xi _2) \in (F \times _ G F)(U)$. Set $\xi ' = a(\xi _1) = a(\xi _2) \in G(U)$. By assumption there exist a scheme $V$ and a morphism $V \to U$ representing the fibre product $h_ U \times _{\xi ', G} F$. In particular, the elements $\xi _1, \xi _2$ give morphisms $f_1, f_2 : U \to V$ over $U$. Because $V$ represents the fibre product $h_ U \times _{\xi ', G} F$ and because $\xi ' = a \circ \xi _1 = a \circ \xi _2$ we see that if $g : U' \to U$ is a morphism then

$g^*\xi _1 = g^*\xi _2 \Leftrightarrow f_1 \circ g = f_2 \circ g.$

In other words, we see that $h_ U \times _{\xi , F \times _ G F} F$ is represented by $V \times _{\Delta , V \times V, (f_1, f_2)} U$ which is a scheme. $\square$

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