Lemma 16.9.3. Let R \to A \to \Lambda \supset \mathfrak q be as in Situation 16.9.1. Let \mathfrak p = R \cap \mathfrak q. Assume that \mathfrak q is minimal over \mathfrak h_ A and that R_\mathfrak p \to A_\mathfrak p \to \Lambda _\mathfrak q \supset \mathfrak q\Lambda _\mathfrak q can be resolved. Then there exists a factorization A \to C \to \Lambda with C of finite presentation such that H_{C/R} \Lambda \not\subset \mathfrak q.
[Lemma 12.2, swan] or [Lemma 2, popescu-GND]
Proof. Let A_\mathfrak p \to C \to \Lambda _\mathfrak q be a resolution of R_\mathfrak p \to A_\mathfrak p \to \Lambda _\mathfrak q \supset \mathfrak q\Lambda _\mathfrak q. By our assumption that \mathfrak q is minimal over \mathfrak h_ A this means that H_{C/R_\mathfrak p} \Lambda _\mathfrak q = \Lambda _\mathfrak q. By Lemma 16.2.8 we may assume that C is smooth over R_\mathfrak p. By Lemma 16.3.4 we may assume that C is standard smooth over R_\mathfrak p. Write A = R[x_1, \ldots , x_ n]/(g_1, \ldots , g_ t) and say A \to \Lambda is given by x_ i \mapsto \lambda _ i. Write C = R_\mathfrak p[x_1, \ldots , x_{n + m}]/(f_1, \ldots , f_ c) for some c \geq n such that A \to C maps x_ i to x_ i and such that \det (\partial f_ j/\partial x_ i)_{i, j = 1, \ldots , c} is invertible in C, see Lemma 16.3.6. After clearing denominators we may assume f_1, \ldots , f_ c are elements of R[x_1, \ldots , x_{n + m}]. Of course \det (\partial f_ j/\partial x_ i)_{i, j = 1, \ldots , c} is not invertible in R[x_1, \ldots , x_{n + m}]/(f_1, \ldots , f_ c) but it becomes invertible after inverting some element s_0 \in R, s_0 \not\in \mathfrak p. As g_ j maps to zero under R[x_1, \ldots , x_ n] \to A \to C we can find s_ j \in R, s_ j \not\in \mathfrak p such that s_ j g_ j is zero in R[x_1, \ldots , x_{n + m}]/(f_1, \ldots , f_ c). Write f_ j = F_ j(x_1, \ldots , x_{n + m}, 1) for some polynomial F_ j \in R[x_1, \ldots , x_ n, X_{n + 1}, \ldots , X_{n + m + 1}] homogeneous in X_{n + 1}, \ldots , X_{n + m + 1}. Pick \lambda _{n + i} \in \Lambda , i = 1, \ldots , m + 1 with \lambda _{n + m + 1} \not\in \mathfrak q such that x_{n + i} maps to \lambda _{n + i}/\lambda _{n + m + 1} in \Lambda _\mathfrak q. Then
in \Lambda _\mathfrak q. Thus we can find \lambda _0 \in \Lambda , \lambda _0 \not\in \mathfrak q such that \lambda _0 F_ j(\lambda _1, \ldots , \lambda _{n + m + 1}) = 0 in \Lambda . Now we set B equal to
which we map to \Lambda by mapping x_ i to \lambda _ i. Let b be the image of x_0 x_{n + m + 1} s_0 s_1 \ldots s_ t in B. Then B_ b is isomorphic to
which is smooth over R by construction. Since b does not map to an element of \mathfrak q, we win. \square
Comments (4)
Comment #3986 by Kestutis Cesnavicius on
Comment #3987 by Kestutis Cesnavicius on
Comment #4064 by Kestutis Cesnavicius on
Comment #4111 by Johan on