Lemma 21.44.10. Let $(\mathcal{C}, \mathcal{O})$ be a ringed site. Let $\mathcal{E}^\bullet $, $\mathcal{F}^\bullet $ be complexes of $\mathcal{O}$-modules with
$\mathcal{F}^ n = 0$ for $n \ll 0$,
$\mathcal{E}^ n = 0$ for $n \gg 0$, and
$\mathcal{E}^ n$ isomorphic to a direct summand of a finite free $\mathcal{O}$-module.
Then the internal hom $R\mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits (\mathcal{E}^\bullet , \mathcal{F}^\bullet )$ is represented by the complex $\mathcal{H}^\bullet $ with terms
\[ \mathcal{H}^ n = \bigoplus \nolimits _{n = p + q} \mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}^{-q}, \mathcal{F}^ p) \]
and differential as described in Section 21.35.
Proof.
Choose a quasi-isomorphism $\mathcal{F}^\bullet \to \mathcal{I}^\bullet $ where $\mathcal{I}^\bullet $ is a bounded below complex of injectives. Note that $\mathcal{I}^\bullet $ is K-injective (Derived Categories, Lemma 13.31.4). Hence the construction in Section 21.35 shows that $R\mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits (\mathcal{E}^\bullet , \mathcal{F}^\bullet )$ is represented by the complex $(\mathcal{H}')^\bullet $ with terms
\[ (\mathcal{H}')^ n = \prod \nolimits _{n = p + q} \mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}^{-q}, \mathcal{I}^ p) = \bigoplus \nolimits _{n = p + q} \mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}^{-q}, \mathcal{I}^ p) \]
(equality because there are only finitely many nonzero terms). Note that $\mathcal{H}^\bullet $ is the total complex associated to the double complex with terms $\mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}^{-q}, \mathcal{F}^ p)$ and similarly for $(\mathcal{H}')^\bullet $. The natural map $(\mathcal{H}')^\bullet \to \mathcal{H}^\bullet $ comes from a map of double complexes. Thus to show this map is a quasi-isomorphism, we may use the spectral sequence of a double complex (Homology, Lemma 12.25.3)
\[ {}'E_1^{p, q} = H^ p(\mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}^{-q}, \mathcal{F}^\bullet )) \]
converging to $H^{p + q}(\mathcal{H}^\bullet )$ and similarly for $(\mathcal{H}')^\bullet $. To finish the proof of the lemma it suffices to show that $\mathcal{F}^\bullet \to \mathcal{I}^\bullet $ induces an isomorphism
\[ H^ p(\mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}, \mathcal{F}^\bullet )) \longrightarrow H^ p(\mathop{\mathcal{H}\! \mathit{om}}\nolimits _\mathcal {O}(\mathcal{E}, \mathcal{I}^\bullet )) \]
on cohomology sheaves whenever $\mathcal{E}$ is a direct summand of a finite free $\mathcal{O}$-module. Since this is clear when $\mathcal{E}$ is finite free the result follows.
$\square$
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