Lemma 74.22.5. Let $S$ be a scheme. Let $\{ X_ i \to X\} _{i \in I}$ be a family of morphisms of algebraic spaces over $S$ with fixed target $X$. Set $Y = \coprod _{i \in I} X_ i$. There is a canonical equivalence of categories
\[ \begin{matrix} \text{category of descent data }
\\ \text{relative to the family } \{ X_ i \to X\} _{i \in I}
\end{matrix} \longrightarrow \begin{matrix} \text{ category of descent data}
\\ \text{ relative to } Y/X
\end{matrix} \]
which maps $(V_ i, \varphi _{ij})$ to $(V, \varphi )$ with $V = \coprod _{i\in I} V_ i$ and $\varphi = \coprod \varphi _{ij}$.
Proof.
Observe that $Y \times _ X Y = \coprod _{ij} X_ i \times _ X X_ j$ and similarly for higher fibre products. Giving a morphism $V \to Y$ is exactly the same as giving a family $V_ i \to X_ i$. And giving a descent datum $\varphi $ is exactly the same as giving a family $\varphi _{ij}$.
$\square$
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