The Stacks project

[Corollary 2.7, DM]

Theorem 55.18.1. Let $R$ be a discrete valuation ring with fraction field $K$. Let $C$ be a smooth projective curve over $K$ with $H^0(C, \mathcal{O}_ C) = K$. Then there exists an extension of discrete valuation rings $R \subset R'$ which induces a finite separable extension of fraction fields $K'/K$ such that $C_{K'}$ has semistable reduction. More precisely, we have the following

  1. If the genus of $C$ is zero, then there exists a degree $2$ separable extension $K'/K$ such that $C_{K'} \cong \mathbf{P}^1_{K'}$ and hence $C_{K'}$ is isomorphic to the generic fibre of the smooth projective scheme $\mathbf{P}^1_{R'}$ over the integral closure $R'$ of $R$ in $K'$.

  2. If the genus of $C$ is one, then there exists a finite separable extension $K'/K$ such that $C_{K'}$ has semistable reduction over $R'_\mathfrak m$ for every maximal ideal $\mathfrak m$ of the integral closure $R'$ of $R$ in $K'$. Moreover, the special fibre of the (unique) minimal model of $C_{K'}$ over $R'_\mathfrak m$ is either a smooth genus one curve or a cycle of rational curves.

  3. If the genus $g$ of $C$ is greater than one, then there exists a finite separable extension $K'/K$ of degree at most $B_ g$ (55.18.0.1) such that $C_{K'}$ has semistable reduction over $R'_\mathfrak m$ for every maximal ideal $\mathfrak m$ of the integral closure $R'$ of $R$ in $K'$.

Proof. For the case of genus zero, see Section 55.15. For the case of genus one, see Section 55.16. For the case of genus greater than one, see Section 55.17. To see that we have a bound on the degree $[K' : K]$ you can use the bound on the degree of the extension needed to make all $\ell $ or $\ell '$ torsion visible proved in Algebraic Curves, Lemma 53.17.2. (The reason for using $\ell $ and $\ell '$ is that we need to avoid the characteristic of the residue field $k$.) $\square$

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