Lemma 21.23.6. Let $(\mathcal{C}, \mathcal{O})$ be a ringed site. Let $(K_ n)$ be an inverse system in $D(\mathcal{O})$. Let $V \in \mathop{\mathrm{Ob}}\nolimits (\mathcal{C})$ and $m \in \mathbf{Z}$. Assume there exist an integer $n(V)$ and a cofinal system $\text{Cov}_ V$ of coverings of $V$ such that for $\{ V_ i \to V\} \in \text{Cov}_ V$

1. $R^1\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits H^{m - 1}(V_ i, K_ n) = 0$, and

2. $H^ m(V_ i, K_ n) \to H^ m(V_ i, K_{n(V)})$ is injective for $n \geq n(V)$.

Then the map on sections $H^ m(R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits K_ n)(V) \to H^ m(K_{n(V)})(V)$ is injective.

Proof. Let $\gamma \in H^ m(R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits K_ n)(V)$ map to zero in $H^ m(K_{n(V)})(V)$. Since $H^ m(R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits K_ n)$ is the sheafification of $U \mapsto H^ m(U, R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits K_ n)$ (by Lemma 21.21.3) we can choose $\{ V_ i \to V\} \in \text{Cov}_ V$ and elements $\tilde\gamma _ i \in H^ m(V_ i, R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits K_ n)$ mapping to $\gamma |_{V_ i}$. Then $\tilde\gamma _ i$ maps to $\tilde\gamma _{i, n(V)} \in H^ m(V_ i, K_{n(V)})$. Using that $H^ m(K_{n(V)})$ is the sheafification of $U \mapsto H^ m(U, K_{n(V)})$ (by Lemma 21.21.3 again) we see that after replacing $\{ V_ i \to V\}$ by a refinement we may assume that $\tilde\gamma _{i, n(V)} = 0$ for all $i$. For this covering we consider the short exact sequences

$0 \to R^1\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits H^{m - 1}(V_ i, K_ n) \to H^ m(V_ i, R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits K_ n) \to \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits H^ m(V_ i, K_ n) \to 0$

of Lemma 21.23.2. By assumption (1) the group on the left is zero and by assumption (2) the group on the right maps injectively into $H^ m(V_ i, K_{n(V)})$. We conclude $\tilde\gamma _ i = 0$ and hence $\gamma = 0$ as desired. $\square$

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