Lemma 28.22.1. Let $j : U \to X$ be a quasi-compact open immersion of schemes.

1. Any quasi-coherent sheaf on $U$ extends to a quasi-coherent sheaf on $X$.

2. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a quasi-coherent sheaf on $X$. Let $\mathcal{G} \subset \mathcal{F}|_ U$ be a quasi-coherent subsheaf. There exists a quasi-coherent subsheaf $\mathcal{H}$ of $\mathcal{F}$ such that $\mathcal{H}|_ U = \mathcal{G}$ as subsheaves of $\mathcal{F}|_ U$.

3. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a quasi-coherent sheaf on $X$. Let $\mathcal{G}$ be a quasi-coherent sheaf on $U$. Let $\varphi : \mathcal{G} \to \mathcal{F}|_ U$ be a morphism of $\mathcal{O}_ U$-modules. There exists a quasi-coherent sheaf $\mathcal{H}$ of $\mathcal{O}_ X$-modules and a map $\psi : \mathcal{H} \to \mathcal{F}$ such that $\mathcal{H}|_ U = \mathcal{G}$ and that $\psi |_ U = \varphi$.

Proof. An immersion is separated (see Schemes, Lemma 26.23.8) and $j$ is quasi-compact by assumption. Hence for any quasi-coherent sheaf $\mathcal{G}$ on $U$ the sheaf $j_*\mathcal{G}$ is an extension to $X$. See Schemes, Lemma 26.24.1 and Sheaves, Section 6.31.

Assume $\mathcal{F}$, $\mathcal{G}$ are as in (2). Then $j_*\mathcal{G}$ is a quasi-coherent sheaf on $X$ (see above). It is a subsheaf of $j_*j^*\mathcal{F}$. Hence the kernel

$\mathcal{H} = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(\mathcal{F} \oplus j_* \mathcal{G} \longrightarrow j_*j^*\mathcal{F})$

is quasi-coherent as well, see Schemes, Section 26.24. It is formal to check that $\mathcal{H} \subset \mathcal{F}$ and that $\mathcal{H}|_ U = \mathcal{G}$ (using the material in Sheaves, Section 6.31 again).

Part (3) is proved in the same manner as (2). Just take $\mathcal{H} = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(\mathcal{F} \oplus j_* \mathcal{G} \to j_*j^*\mathcal{F})$ with its obvious map to $\mathcal{F}$ and its obvious identification with $\mathcal{G}$ over $U$. $\square$

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