# The Stacks Project

## Tag 01R8

Lemma 28.6.3. Let $f : X \to Y$ be a morphism of schemes. Let $Z \subset Y$ be the scheme theoretic image of $f$. If $f$ is quasi-compact then

1. the sheaf of ideals $\mathcal{I} = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(\mathcal{O}_Y \to f_*\mathcal{O}_X)$ is quasi-coherent,
2. the scheme theoretic image $Z$ is the closed subscheme determined by $\mathcal{I}$,
3. for any open $U \subset Y$ the scheme theoretic image of $f|_{f^{-1}(U)} : f^{-1}(U) \to U$ is equal to $Z \cap U$, and
4. the image $f(X) \subset Z$ is a dense subset of $Z$, in other words the morphism $X \to Z$ is dominant (see Definition 28.8.1).

Proof. Part (4) follows from part (3). To show (3) it suffices to prove (1) since the formation of $\mathcal{I}$ commutes with restriction to open subschemes of $Y$. And if (1) holds then in the proof of Lemma 28.6.1 we showed (2). Thus it suffices to prove that $\mathcal{I}$ is quasi-coherent. Since the property of being quasi-coherent is local we may assume $Y$ is affine. As $f$ is quasi-compact, we can find a finite affine open covering $X = \bigcup_{i = 1, \ldots, n} U_i$. Denote $f'$ the composition $$X' = \coprod U_i \longrightarrow X \longrightarrow Y.$$ Then $f_*\mathcal{O}_X$ is a subsheaf of $f'_*\mathcal{O}_{X'}$, and hence $\mathcal{I} = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(\mathcal{O}_Y \to \mathcal{O}_{X'})$. By Schemes, Lemma 25.24.1 the sheaf $f'_*\mathcal{O}_{X'}$ is quasi-coherent on $Y$. Hence we win. $\square$

The code snippet corresponding to this tag is a part of the file morphisms.tex and is located in lines 817–834 (see updates for more information).

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma-quasi-compact-scheme-theoretic-image}
Let $f : X \to Y$ be a morphism of schemes.
Let $Z \subset Y$ be the scheme theoretic image of $f$.
If $f$ is quasi-compact then
\begin{enumerate}
\item the sheaf of ideals
$\mathcal{I} = \Ker(\mathcal{O}_Y \to f_*\mathcal{O}_X)$
is quasi-coherent,
\item the scheme theoretic image $Z$ is the closed subscheme
determined by $\mathcal{I}$,
\item for any open $U \subset Y$ the scheme theoretic image of
$f|_{f^{-1}(U)} : f^{-1}(U) \to U$ is equal to $Z \cap U$, and
\item the image $f(X) \subset Z$ is a dense subset of $Z$, in other
words the morphism $X \to Z$ is dominant
(see Definition \ref{definition-dominant}).
\end{enumerate}
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Part (4) follows from part (3). To show (3) it suffices
to prove (1) since the formation of $\mathcal{I}$ commutes with restriction to
open subschemes of $Y$. And if (1) holds then in the proof of
Lemma \ref{lemma-scheme-theoretic-image}
we showed (2). Thus it suffices to prove that $\mathcal{I}$ is quasi-coherent.
Since the property of being quasi-coherent is
local we may assume $Y$ is affine. As $f$ is quasi-compact,
we can find a finite affine open covering
$X = \bigcup_{i = 1, \ldots, n} U_i$. Denote $f'$ the composition
$$X' = \coprod U_i \longrightarrow X \longrightarrow Y.$$
Then $f_*\mathcal{O}_X$ is a subsheaf of $f'_*\mathcal{O}_{X'}$,
and hence $\mathcal{I} = \Ker(\mathcal{O}_Y \to \mathcal{O}_{X'})$.
By Schemes, Lemma \ref{schemes-lemma-push-forward-quasi-coherent}
the sheaf $f'_*\mathcal{O}_{X'}$ is quasi-coherent on $Y$. Hence we win.
\end{proof}

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