The Stacks project

Proof. This is formal. Proof of (1). Let $T = \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits _{i \in I} T_ i$ be the directed limit of affine schemes $T_ i$ over $S$. We will prove that the functor $\mathop{\mathrm{colim}}\nolimits \mathcal{X}_{T_ i} \to \mathcal{X}_ T$ is essentially surjective. Recall that an object of the fibre product over $T$ is a quadruple $(T, x, z, \alpha )$ where $x$ is an object of $\mathcal{X}$ lying over $T$, $z$ is an object of $\mathcal{Z}$ lying over $T$, and $\alpha : p(x) \to q(z)$ is a morphism in the fibre category of $\mathcal{Y}$ over $T$. By assumption on $\mathcal{X}$ and $\mathcal{Z}$ we can find an $i$ and objects $x_ i$ and $z_ i$ over $T_ i$ such that $x_ i|_ T \cong T$ and $z_ i|_ T \cong z$. Then $\alpha$ corresponds to an isomorphism $p(x_ i)|_ T \to q(z_ i)|_ T$ which comes from an isomorphism $\alpha _{i'} : p(x_ i)|_{T_{i'}} \to q(z_ i)|_{T_{i'}}$ by our assumption on $\mathcal{Y}$. After replacing $i$ by $i'$, $x_ i$ by $x_ i|_{T_{i'}}$, and $z_ i$ by $z_ i|_{T_{i'}}$ we see that $(T_ i, x_ i, z_ i, \alpha _ i)$ is an object of the fibre product over $T_ i$ which restricts to an object isomorphic to $(T, x, z, \alpha )$ over $T$ as desired.

We omit the arguments showing that $\mathop{\mathrm{colim}}\nolimits \mathcal{X}_{T_ i} \to \mathcal{X}_ T$ is fully faithful in (2). $\square$

Proof. Under each of the three assumptions $\mathcal{X}$ is representable by an algebraic space $X$ over $S$, see Algebraic Stacks, Proposition 94.13.3. It is clear that (1) and (2) are equivalent as a functor between setoids is an equivalence if and only if it is surjective on isomorphism classes. Finally, (1) and (3) are equivalent by Limits of Spaces, Proposition 70.3.10. $\square$

Proof. We apply Criteria for Representability, Lemma 97.5.6. Let $V$ be an affine scheme $V$ locally of finite presentation over $S$ and let $\theta$ be an object of $\mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}$ over $V$. Let $F_\theta$ be an algebraic space representing $\mathcal{X} \times _{\Delta , \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}, \theta } (\mathit{Sch}/V)_{fppf}$ and let $f_\theta : F_\theta \to V$ be the canonical morphism (see Algebraic Stacks, Section 94.9). It suffices to show that $F_\theta \to V$ has the corresponding properties. By Lemmas 98.11.2 and 98.11.3 we see that $F_\theta \to S$ is locally of finite presentation. It follows that $F_\theta \to V$ is locally of finite type by Morphisms of Spaces, Lemma 67.23.6. $\square$