The Stacks project

Proof. Assume (1) and let $p : z \to z$ be as in (3). Let $x = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(p)$ and $y = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(1 - p)$. There are maps $x \to z$ and $y \to z$. Since $(1 - p)p = 0$ we see that $p : z \to z$ factors through $y$, hence we obtain a morphism $z \to y$. Similarly we obtain a morphism $z \to x$. We omit the verification that these four morphisms induce an isomorphism $x = y \oplus z$ as in Remark 12.3.6. Thus (1) $\Rightarrow $ (3). The implication (2) $\Rightarrow $ (3) is dual. Finally, condition (3) implies (1) and (2) by Lemma 12.3.10. $\square$