Proposition 97.17.2. Let $S$ be a locally Noetherian scheme. Let $p : \mathcal{X} \to (\mathit{Sch}/S)_{fppf}$ be a category fibred in groupoids. Assume that

1. $\Delta _\Delta : \mathcal{X} \to \mathcal{X} \times _{\mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}} \mathcal{X}$ is representable by algebraic spaces,

2. $\mathcal{X}$ satisfies axioms [-1], [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5] (see Section 97.14),

3. $\mathcal{O}_{S, s}$ is a G-ring for all finite type points $s$ of $S$.

Then $\mathcal{X}$ is an algebraic stack.

Proof. We first prove that $\Delta : \mathcal{X} \to \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}$ is representable by algebraic spaces. To do this it suffices to show that

$\mathcal{Y} = \mathcal{X} \times _{\Delta , \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}, y} (\mathit{Sch}/V)_{fppf}$

is representable by an algebraic space for any affine scheme $V$ locally of finite presentation over $S$ and object $y$ of $\mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{X}$ over $V$, see Criteria for Representability, Lemma 96.5.51. Observe that $\mathcal{Y}$ is fibred in setoids (Stacks, Lemma 8.2.5) and let $Y : (\mathit{Sch}/S)_{fppf}^{opp} \to \textit{Sets}$, $T \mapsto \mathop{\mathrm{Ob}}\nolimits (\mathcal{Y}_ T)/\cong$ be the functor of isomorphism classes. We will apply Proposition 97.16.1 to see that $Y$ is an algebraic space.

Note that $\Delta _\mathcal {Y} : \mathcal{Y} \to \mathcal{Y} \times \mathcal{Y}$ (and hence also $Y \to Y \times Y$) is representable by algebraic spaces by condition (1) and Criteria for Representability, Lemma 96.4.4. Observe that $Y$ is a sheaf for the étale topology by Stacks, Lemmas 8.6.3 and 8.6.7, i.e., axiom [0] holds. Also $Y$ is limit preserving by Lemma 97.11.2, i.e., we have [1]. Note that $Y$ has (RS), i.e., axiom [2] holds, by Lemmas 97.5.2 and 97.5.3. Axiom [3] for $Y$ follows from Lemmas 97.8.1 and 97.8.2. Axiom [4] follows from Lemmas 97.9.5 and 97.9.6. Axiom [5] for $Y$ follows directly from openness of versality for $\Delta _\mathcal {X}$ which is part of axiom [5] for $\mathcal{X}$. Thus all the assumptions of Proposition 97.16.1 are satisfied and $Y$ is an algebraic space.

At this point it follows from Lemma 97.17.1 that $\mathcal{X}$ is an algebraic stack. $\square$

[1] The set theoretic condition in Criteria for Representability, Lemma 96.5.5 will hold: the size of the algebraic space $Y$ representing $\mathcal{Y}$ is suitably bounded. Namely, $Y \to S$ will be locally of finite type and $Y$ will satisfy axiom [-1]. Details omitted.

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