Lemma 15.94.1. In Situation 15.91.15. If A is Noetherian, then the pro-objects \{ K_ n^\bullet \} and \{ A/(f_1^ n, \ldots , f_ r^ n)\} of D(A) are isomorphic1.
15.94 Derived completion for Noetherian rings
Let A be a ring and let I \subset A be an ideal. For any K \in D(A) we can consider the derived limit
This is a functor in K, see Remark 15.87.10. The system of maps A \to A/I^ n induces a map K \to K' and K' is derived complete with respect to I (Lemma 15.91.14). This “naive” derived completion construction does not agree with the adjoint of Lemma 15.91.10 in general. For example, if A = \mathbf{Z}_ p \oplus \mathbf{Q}_ p/\mathbf{Z}_ p with the second summand an ideal of square zero, K = A[0], and I = (p), then the naive derived completion gives \mathbf{Z}_ p[0], but the construction of Lemma 15.91.10 gives K^\wedge \cong \mathbf{Z}_ p[1] \oplus \mathbf{Z}_ p[0] (computation omitted). Lemma 15.93.2 characterizes when the two functors agree in the case I is generated by a single element.
The main goal of this section is the show that the naive derived completion is equal to derived completion if A is Noetherian.
Proof. We have an inverse system of distinguished triangles
See Derived Categories, Remark 13.12.4. By Derived Categories, Lemma 13.42.4 it suffices to show that the inverse system \tau _{\leq -1}K_ n^\bullet is pro-zero. Recall that K_ n^\bullet has nonzero terms only in degrees i with -r \leq i \leq 0. Thus by Derived Categories, Lemma 13.42.3 it suffices to show that H^ p(K_ n^\bullet ) is pro-zero for p \leq -1. In other words, for every n \in \mathbf{N} we have to show there exists an m \geq n such that H^ p(K_ m^\bullet ) \to H^ p(K_ n^\bullet ) is zero. Since A is Noetherian, we see that
is a finite A-module. Moreover, the map K_ m^ p \to K_ n^ p is given by a diagonal matrix whose entries are in the ideal (f_1^{m - n}, \ldots , f_ r^{m - n}) as p < 0. Note that H^ p(K_ n^\bullet ) is annihilated by J = (f_1^ n, \ldots , f_ r^ n), see Lemma 15.28.6. Now (f_1^{m - n}, \ldots , f_ r^{m - n}) \subset J^ t for m - n \geq tn. Thus by Algebra, Lemma 10.51.2 (Artin-Rees) applied to the ideal J and the module M = K_ n^ p with submodule N = \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(K_ n^ p \to K_ n^{p + 1}) for m large enough the image of K_ m^ p \to K_ n^ p intersected with \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(K_ n^ p \to K_ n^{p + 1}) is contained in J \mathop{\mathrm{Ker}}(K_ n^ p \to K_ n^{p + 1}). For such m we get the zero map. \square
Proposition 15.94.2. Let A be a Noetherian ring. Let I \subset A be an ideal. The functor which sends K \in D(A) to the derived limit K' = R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits ( K \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} A/I^ n ) is the left adjoint to the inclusion functor D_{comp}(A) \to D(A) constructed in Lemma 15.91.10.
Proof. Say (f_1, \ldots , f_ r) = I and let K_ n^\bullet be the Koszul complex with respect to f_1^ n, \ldots , f_ r^ n. By Lemma 15.91.18 it suffices to prove that
By Lemma 15.94.1 the pro-objects \{ K_ n^\bullet \} and \{ A/(f_1^ n, \ldots , f_ r^ n)\} of D(A) are isomorphic. It is clear that the pro-objects \{ A/(f_1^ n, \ldots , f_ r^ n)\} and \{ A/I^ n\} are isomorphic. Thus the map from left to right is an isomorphism by Lemma 15.87.12. \square
Lemma 15.94.3. Let I be an ideal of a Noetherian ring A. Let M be an A-module with derived completion M^\wedge . Then there are short exact sequences
A similar result holds for M \in D^-(A).
Proof. Immediate consequence of Proposition 15.94.2 and Lemma 15.87.4. \square
As an application of the proposition above we identify the derived completion in the Noetherian case for pseudo-coherent complexes.
Lemma 15.94.4. Let A be a Noetherian ring and I \subset A an ideal. Let K be an object of D(A) such that H^ n(K) a finite A-module for all n \in \mathbf{Z}. Then the cohomology modules H^ n(K^\wedge ) of the derived completion are the I-adic completions of the cohomology modules H^ n(K).
Proof. The complex \tau _{\leq m}K is pseudo-coherent for all m by Lemma 15.64.17. Thus \tau _{\leq m}K is represented by a bounded above complex P^\bullet of finite free A-modules. Then \tau _{\leq m}K \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} A/I^ n = P^\bullet /I^ nP^\bullet . Hence (\tau _{\leq m}K)^\wedge = R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits P^\bullet /I^ nP^\bullet (Proposition 15.94.2) and since the R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits is just given by termwise \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits (Lemma 15.87.1) and since I-adic completion is an exact functor on finite A-modules (Algebra, Lemma 10.97.2) we conclude the result holds for \tau _{\leq m}K. Hence the result holds for K as derived completion has finite cohomological dimension, see Lemma 15.91.20. \square
Lemma 15.94.5. Let I be an ideal of a Noetherian ring A. Let M be a derived complete A-module. If M/IM is a finite A/I-module, then M = \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits M/I^ nM and M is a finite A^\wedge -module.
Proof. Assume M/IM is finite. Pick x_1, \ldots , x_ t \in M which map to generators of M/IM. We obtain a map A^{\oplus t} \to M mapping the ith basis vector to x_ i. By Proposition 15.94.2 the derived completion of A is A^\wedge = \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits A/I^ n. As M is derived complete, we see that our map factors through a map q : (A^\wedge )^{\oplus t} \to M. The module \mathop{\mathrm{Coker}}(q) is zero by Lemma 15.91.7. Thus M is a finite A^\wedge -module. Since A^\wedge is Noetherian and complete with respect to IA^\wedge , it follows that M is I-adically complete (use Algebra, Lemmas 10.97.5, 10.96.11, and 10.51.2). \square
Lemma 15.94.6. Let I be an ideal in a Noetherian ring A.
If M is a finite A-module and N is a flat A-module, then the derived I-adic completion of M \otimes _ A N is the usual I-adic completion of M \otimes _ A N.
If M is a finite A-module and f \in A, then the derived I-adic completion of M_ f is the usual I-adic completion of M_ f.
Proof. For an A-module M denote M^\wedge the derived completion and \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits M/I^ nM the usual completion. Assume M is finite. The system \text{Tor}^ A_ i(M, A/I^ n) is pro-zero for i > 0, see Lemma 15.27.3. Since \text{Tor}_ i^ A(M \otimes _ A N, A/I^ n) = \text{Tor}_ i^ A(M, A/I^ n) \otimes _ A N as N is flat, the same is true for the system \text{Tor}^ A_ i(M \otimes _ A N, A/I^ n). By Lemma 15.94.3 we conclude R\mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits (M \otimes _ A N) \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} A/I^ n only has cohomology in degree 0 given by the usual completion \mathop{\mathrm{lim}}\nolimits M \otimes _ A N/ I^ n(M \otimes _ A N). This proves (1). Part (2) follows from (1) and the fact that M_ f = M \otimes _ A A_ f. \square
Lemma 15.94.7. Let I be an ideal in a Noetherian ring A. Let {}^\wedge denote derived completion with respect to I. Let K \in D^-(A).
If M is a finite A-module, then (K \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} M)^\wedge = K^\wedge \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} M.
If L \in D(A) is pseudo-coherent, then (K \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} L)^\wedge = K^\wedge \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} L.
Proof. Let L be as in (2). We may represent K by a bounded above complex P^\bullet of free A-modules. We may represent L by a bounded above complex F^\bullet of finite free A-modules. Since \text{Tot}(P^\bullet \otimes _ A F^\bullet ) represents K \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} L we see that (K \otimes _ A^\mathbf {L} L)^\wedge is represented by
where (P^\bullet )^\wedge is the complex whose terms are the usual = derived completions (P^ n)^\wedge , see for example Proposition 15.94.2 and Lemma 15.94.6. This proves (2). Part (1) is a special case of (2). \square
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