Theorem 77.4.7. Let S be a scheme. Let f : X \to Y be a morphism of algebraic spaces over S which is locally of finite type. Let \mathcal{F} be a quasi-coherent \mathcal{O}_ X-module of finite type. Let x \in |X| with image y \in |Y|. Set F = f^{-1}(\{ y\} ) \subset |X|. Consider the conditions
\mathcal{F} is flat at x over Y, and
for every x' \in F \cap \text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}) which specializes to x we have that \mathcal{F} is flat at x' over Y.
Then we always have (2) \Rightarrow (1). If X and Y are decent, then (1) \Rightarrow (2).
Proof.
Assume (2). Choose a scheme V and a surjective étale morphism V \to Y. Choose a scheme U and a surjective étale morphism U \to V \times _ Y X. Choose a point u \in U mapping to x. Let v \in V be the image of u. We will deduce the result from the corresponding result for \mathcal{F}|_ U = (U \to X)^*\mathcal{F} and the point u. U_ v. This works because \text{Ass}_{U/V}(\mathcal{F}|_ U) \cap |U_ v| is equal to \text{Ass}_{U_ v}(\mathcal{F}|_{U_ v}) and equal to the inverse image of F \cap \text{Ass}_{X/Y}(\mathcal{F}). Since the map |U_ v| \to F is continuous we see that specializations in |U_ v| map to specializations in F, hence condition (2) is inherited by U \to V, \mathcal{F}|_ U, and the point u. Thus More on Flatness, Theorem 38.26.1 applies and we conclude that (1) holds.
If Y is decent, then we can represent y by a quasi-compact monomorphism \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(k) \to Y (by definition of decent spaces, see Decent Spaces, Definition 68.6.1). Then F = |X_ k|, see Decent Spaces, Lemma 68.18.6. If in addition X is decent (or more generally if f is decent, see Decent Spaces, Definition 68.17.1 and Decent Spaces, Lemma 68.17.3), then X_ y is a decent space too. Furthermore, specializations in F can be lifted to specializations in U_ v \to X_ y, see Decent Spaces, Lemma 68.12.2. Having said this it is clear that the reverse implication holds, because it holds in the case of schemes.
\square
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