Lemma 66.12.2. Let $S$ be a scheme. Let $Z \to Y \to X$ be morphisms of algebraic spaces over $S$.

1. If $Z \to X$ is representable, locally of finite type, locally quasi-finite, separated, and a monomorphism, then $Z \to Y$ is representable, locally of finite type, locally quasi-finite, separated, and a monomorphism.

2. If $Z \to X$ is an immersion and $Y \to X$ is locally separated, then $Z \to Y$ is an immersion.

3. If $Z \to X$ is a closed immersion and $Y \to X$ is separated, then $Z \to Y$ is a closed immersion.

Proof. In each case the proof is to contemplate the commutative diagram

$\xymatrix{ Z \ar[r] \ar[rd] & Y \times _ X Z \ar[r] \ar[d] & Z \ar[d] \\ & Y \ar[r] & X }$

where the composition of the top horizontal arrows is the identity. Let us prove (1). The first horizontal arrow is a section of $Y \times _ X Z \to Z$, whence representable, locally of finite type, locally quasi-finite, separated, and a monomorphism by Lemma 66.4.7. The arrow $Y \times _ X Z \to Y$ is a base change of $Z \to X$ hence is representable, locally of finite type, locally quasi-finite, separated, and a monomorphism (as each of these properties of morphisms of schemes is stable under base change, see Spaces, Remark 64.4.1). Hence the same is true for the composition (as each of these properties of morphisms of schemes is stable under composition, see Spaces, Remark 64.4.2). This proves (1). The other results are proved in exactly the same manner. $\square$

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