The Stacks project

Lemma 97.14.2. Let $S$ be a scheme. Let $F : \mathcal{X} \to \mathcal{Y}$ be a $1$-morphism of stacks in groupoids over $(\mathit{Sch}/S)_{fppf}$ such that

  1. $\mathcal{X}$ is representable by an algebraic space, and

  2. $F$ is representable by algebraic spaces, surjective, flat, and locally of finite presentation.

Then $\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y})$ is an algebraic stack.

Proof. Choose a representable stack in groupoids $\mathcal{U}$ over $S$ and a $1$-morphism $f : \mathcal{U} \to \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X})$ which is representable by algebraic spaces, smooth, and surjective. This is possible because $\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X})$ is an algebraic stack by Lemma 97.14.1. Consider the $2$-fibre product

\[ \mathcal{W} = \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y}) \times _{\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}), f} \mathcal{U}. \]

Since $\mathcal{U}$ is representable (in particular a stack in setoids) it follows from Examples of Stacks, Lemma 95.18.3 and Stacks, Lemma 8.6.7 that $\mathcal{W}$ is a stack in setoids. The $1$-morphism $\mathcal{W} \to \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y})$ is representable by algebraic spaces, smooth, and surjective as a base change of the morphism $f$ (see Algebraic Stacks, Lemmas 94.9.7 and 94.10.6). Thus, if we can show that $\mathcal{W}$ is representable by an algebraic space, then the lemma follows from Algebraic Stacks, Lemma 94.15.3.

The diagonal of $\mathcal{Y}$ is representable by algebraic spaces according to Lemma 97.4.3. We may apply Lemma 97.12.5 to see that the $1$-morphism

\[ \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y}) \longrightarrow \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}) \times \mathcal{Y} \]

is representable by algebraic spaces. Consider the $2$-fibre product

\[ \mathcal{V} = \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y}) \times _{(\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}) \times \mathcal{Y}), f \times F} (\mathcal{U} \times \mathcal{X}). \]

The projection morphism $\mathcal{V} \to \mathcal{U} \times \mathcal{X}$ is representable by algebraic spaces as a base change of the last displayed morphism. Hence $\mathcal{V}$ is an algebraic space (see Bootstrap, Lemma 80.3.6 or Algebraic Stacks, Lemma 94.9.8). The $1$-morphism $\mathcal{V} \to \mathcal{U}$ fits into the following $2$-cartesian diagram

\[ \xymatrix{ \mathcal{V} \ar[d] \ar[r] & \mathcal{X} \ar[d]^ F \\ \mathcal{W} \ar[r] & \mathcal{Y} } \]

because

\[ \mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y}) \times _{(\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}) \times \mathcal{Y}), f \times F} (\mathcal{U} \times \mathcal{X}) = (\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}/\mathcal{Y}) \times _{\mathcal{H}_ d(\mathcal{X}), f} \mathcal{U}) \times _{\mathcal{Y}, F} \mathcal{X}. \]

Hence $\mathcal{V} \to \mathcal{W}$ is representable by algebraic spaces, surjective, flat, and locally of finite presentation as a base change of $F$. It follows that the same thing is true for the corresponding sheaves of sets associated to $\mathcal{V}$ and $\mathcal{W}$, see Algebraic Stacks, Lemma 94.10.4. Thus we conclude that the sheaf associated to $\mathcal{W}$ is an algebraic space by Bootstrap, Theorem 80.10.1. $\square$


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