Lemma 72.15.6. Let $S$ be a scheme. Let $X$ be a quasi-compact and quasi-separated algebraic space over $S$. Let $T \subset |X|$ be a closed subset such that $|X| \setminus T$ is quasi-compact. With notation as above, the category $D_{\mathit{QCoh}, T}(\mathcal{O}_ X)$ is generated by a single perfect object.

Proof. We will prove this using the induction principle of Lemma 72.9.3. The property is true for representable quasi-compact and quasi-separated objects of the site $X_{spaces, {\acute{e}tale}}$ by Derived Categories of Schemes, Lemma 36.14.4.

Assume that $(U \subset X, f : V \to X)$ is an elementary distinguished square such that the lemma holds for $U$ and $V$ is affine. To finish the proof we have to show that the result holds for $X$. Let $P$ be a perfect object of $D(\mathcal{O}_ U)$ supported on $T \cap U$ which is a generator for $D_{\mathit{QCoh}, T \cap U}(\mathcal{O}_ U)$. Using Lemma 72.15.1 we may choose a perfect object $Q$ of $D(\mathcal{O}_ X)$ supported on $T$ whose restriction to $U$ is a direct sum one of whose summands is $P$. Write $V = \mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(B)$. Let $Z = X \setminus U$. Then $f^{-1}Z$ is a closed subset of $V$ such that $V \setminus f^{-1}Z$ is quasi-compact. As $X$ is quasi-separated, it follows that $f^{-1}Z \cap f^{-1}T = f^{-1}(Z \cap T)$ is a closed subset of $V$ such that $W = V \setminus f^{-1}(Z \cap T)$ is quasi-compact. Thus we can choose $g_1, \ldots , g_ s \in B$ such that $f^{-1}(Z \cap T) = V(g_1, \ldots , g_ r)$. Let $K \in D(\mathcal{O}_ V)$ be the perfect object corresponding to the Koszul complex on $g_1, \ldots , g_ s$ over $B$. Note that since $K$ is supported on $f^{-1}(Z \cap T) \subset V$ closed, the pushforward $K' = R(V \to X)_*K$ is a perfect object of $D(\mathcal{O}_ X)$ whose restriction to $V$ is $K$ (see Lemmas 72.14.3 and 72.10.7). We claim that $Q \oplus K'$ is a generator for $D_{\mathit{QCoh}, T}(\mathcal{O}_ X)$.

Let $E$ be an object of $D_{\mathit{QCoh}, T}(\mathcal{O}_ X)$ such that there are no nontrivial maps from any shift of $Q \oplus K'$ into $E$. By Lemma 72.10.7 we have $K' = R(V \to X)_! K$ and hence

$\mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _{D(\mathcal{O}_ X)}(K'[n], E) = \mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _{D(\mathcal{O}_ V)}(K[n], E|_ V)$

Thus by Derived Categories of Schemes, Lemma 36.14.2 we have $E|_ V = Rj_*E|_ W$ where $j : W \to V$ is the inclusion. Picture

$\xymatrix{ W \ar[r]_ j & V & Z \cap T \ar[l] \ar[d] \\ V \setminus f^{-1}Z \ar[u]^{j'} \ar[ru]_{j''} & & Z \ar[lu] }$

Since $E$ is supported on $T$ we see that $E|_ W$ is supported on $f^{-1}T \cap W = f^{-1}T \cap (V \setminus f^{-1}Z)$ which is closed in $W$. We conclude that

$E|_ V = Rj_*(E|_ W) = Rj_*(Rj'_*(E|_{U \cap V})) = Rj''_*(E|_{U \cap V})$

Here the second equality is part (1) of Cohomology, Lemma 20.33.6 which applies because $V$ is a scheme and $E$ has quasi-coherent cohomology sheaves hence pushforward along the quasi-compact open immersion $j'$ agrees with pushforward on the underlying schemes, see Remark 72.6.3. This implies that $E = R(U \to X)_*E|_ U$ (small detail omitted). If this is the case then

$\mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _{D(\mathcal{O}_ X)}(Q[n], E) = \mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _{D(\mathcal{O}_ U)}(Q|_ U[n], E|_ U)$

which contains $\mathop{\mathrm{Hom}}\nolimits _{D(\mathcal{O}_ U)}(P[n], E|_ U)$ as a direct summand. Thus by our choice of $P$ the vanishing of these groups implies that $E|_ U$ is zero. Whence $E$ is zero. $\square$

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